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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1001</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.1001</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SYRBPX</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The disproportion of bone marrow fat fraction induced in a patient by cancer treatment modalities</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диспропорция содержания фракции жира костного мозга, индуцированная у пациента компонентами противоопухолевой терапии злокачественного новообразования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-7104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshchenko</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>Галина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Med. Sci., a radiologist, Head of the Radiology Department at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology at the Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of Ministry of Healthcare of the Moscow Region; an Associate Professor at the Department of Pediatric Diagnostic Radiology at the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач-рентгенолог, заведующая отделением рентгенологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России; заведующая кафедрой детской онкологии ГБУЗ МО «НИКИ детства Минздрава Московской области»; доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики детского возраста ФГБУ «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</p></bio><email>inkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5662-896X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupriyanov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куприянов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>inkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1266-1653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nisichenko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нисиченко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>inkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6383-2822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karelin</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карелин</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>inkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-7105</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуковская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>inkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Research Clinical Institute of Childhood of Ministry of Healthcare of the Moscow Region</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства Министерства здравоохранения Московской области»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Philips Healthcare</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Филипс «Здравоохранение»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-10-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>136</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-18"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-18"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1001">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1001</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> The limited selectivity of antitumor agents is the reason behind toxicity developing as a result of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and other treatment modalities for malignant neoplasms. Hematological toxicity in patients with various types of malignant neoplasms manifests as a change in the bone marrow (BM) structure with an increase in fat in the setting of inflammatory cascade activation with the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins 2 and 6, tumor necrosis factor and others. The non-invasive quantitative BM assessment by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in the patient of interest described below allows us to move to a new level of verification of the fundamental principles of hematological toxicity.</p> <p><bold>Clinical case.</bold> Here, we discuss the results of BM fat assessment in the clinical case of a 12-year-old patient who underwent rehabilitation therapy after completing treatment for pleuropulmonary blastoma of the right lung. Quantitative MRI revealed a heterogeneous fat compartment in the bones, with maximum values registered at the tumor site and in the irradiated area: in the Th4 vertebral body – 57%, in the Th5 body – 76%, Th6 – 75%, Th7 – 70%.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The use of quantitative BM assessment in children will make it possible to develop personalized approaches to radiation therapy as well as to monitor BM reconstitution processes following the end of cancer treatment. Future research also needs to more thoroughly examine the involved pathogenetic mechanisms and the BM lipodystrophy phenomenon in cancer patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Ограниченная селективность противоопухолевых агентов обусловливает развитие токсичности вследствие проведения химиотерапевтического, радиологического и других типов лечения злокачественных новообразований. Проявлением гематологической токсичности у пациентов с различными типами злокачественных новообразований является изменение структуры костного мозга (КМ) с увеличением доли жирового компонента на фоне активации воспалительного каскада с повышением уровня провоспалительных цитокинов: интерлейкинов-2, -6, фактора некроза опухоли и др. Продемонстрированная у нашего пациента неинвазивная количественная оценка состава КМ на основе магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) позволяет перейти на новый уровень верификации фундаментальных основ гематологической токсичности.</p> <p><bold>Клинический случай.</bold> На клиническом примере пациента 12 лет, получившего курс реабилитационного лечения после завершения противоопухолевой терапии по поводу плевропульмональной бластомы правого легкого, обсуждаются результаты оценки содержания жирового компонента КМ. Количественное МРТ-измерение выявило неравномерный жировой компартмент в костях скелета с максимальными значениями в зоне локализации опухоли и проведения лучевой терапии: в теле позвонка Th4 – 57%, Th5 – 76%, Th6 – 75%, Th7 – 70%.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Использование количественной оценки КМ у детей позволит разработать персонифицированные подходы к проведению лучевой терапии, мониторировать процессы реконституции КМ после завершения противоопухолевой терапии. Будущие исследования должны быть также сосредоточены на более глубоком изучении патогенетических механизмов и феноменологии липодистрофии КМ у онкологических пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bone marrow</kwd><kwd>bone marrow fat</kwd><kwd>bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>quantitative magnetic resonance imaging assessment of bone marrow fat</kwd><kwd>pro-inflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>malignant neoplasms</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>костный мозг</kwd><kwd>жировой компонент костного мозга</kwd><kwd>МРТ костного мозга</kwd><kwd>количественная МРТ-оценка жира</kwd><kwd>провоспалительные цитокины</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Hirschberg E. Patterns of response of animal tumors to anticancer agents. 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