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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1002</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.1002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опыт применения экстракорпоральной мембранной оксигенации у детей со злокачественными новообразованиями</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-4573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanashkin</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванашкин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-7243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyakonov</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьяконов</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anesthesiologist-Intensivist at Intensive Care Unit No. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии №1</p></bio><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6120-6331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryadinskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рядинская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-2981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-3555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-2258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-209X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhaladze</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахаладзе</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7508-3849</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arzin</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арзин</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-1896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myakova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мякова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-2565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchukin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щукин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9051-1477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhalin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махалин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-3233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grachev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dyapet@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Children's Republican Clinical Hospital of Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Детская республиканская клиническая больница Минздрава Республики Татарстан»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии им. А.Н. Бакулева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-22"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1002">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1002</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used in pediatric oncology patients with severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure. However, experience with this technique in this population remains limited, particularly in Russia.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>Here we retrospectively reviewed the first 5 cases of peripheral venoarterial ECMO use in children with malignancies (4 females, 1 male) treated at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology from October 2024 to May 2025. The median age was 12 years. Indications, patient selection criteria, ECMO duration, complications, and outcomes were analyzed.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> In 4 out of 5 patients, ECMO was initiated due to refractory cardiac and/or respiratory failure, and in 1 case, it was used as intraoperative support. The median ECMO duration was 5 days; the median length of stay at the Intensive Care Unit was 20 days. Four patients were successfully decannulated and subsequently discharged. One patient died due to oxygenator thrombosis. Despite the extreme illness severity at baseline (pSOFA 9, VIS 95, VVR 112), no major infectious or hemorrhagic complications occurred.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> In this paper, we reported the first Russian experience of ECMO use in children with cancer demonstrating that not only is it in principle possible but also effective, as long as a multidisciplinary approach and strict selection criteria are adopted and a trained team of specialists are on hand.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Экстракорпоральная мембранная оксигенация (ЭКМО) все чаще применяется у детей с онкологическими заболеваниями при развитии критической сердечной и/или дыхательной недостаточности. Однако опыт использования метода в этой группе ограничен, особенно в российской практике.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведен ретроспективный анализ первых 5 случаев (4 девочки и 1 мальчик) применения периферической веноартериальной ЭКМО у детей со злокачественными новообразованиями в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева (октябрь 2024 г. – май 2025 г.). Медиана возраста составила 12 лет. Оценивались показания к применению, критерии отбора пациентов, длительность поддержки, осложнения и исходы процедуры.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У 4 из 5 пациентов ЭКМО инициирована в связи с рефрактерной сердечно-сосудистой и/или дыхательной недостаточностью, в 1 случае – в качестве интраоперационной поддержки. Медиана длительности ЭКМО составила 5 сут, пребывания в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии – 20 сут. У 4 пациентов достигнута успешная деканюляция с последующей выпиской из стационара. Один случай осложнился тромбозом оксигенатора и завершился летально. Несмотря на исходно крайне тяжелое состояние (pSOFA 9, VIS 95, VVR 112), значимых инфекционных или геморрагических осложнений не зарегистрировано.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Представленный первый российский опыт демонстрирует принципиальную возможность и эффективность применения ЭКМО у детей с онкологическими заболеваниями при условии мультидисциплинарного подхода, строгих критериев отбора и наличия обученной команды специалистов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatric oncohematology</kwd><kwd>extracorporeal membrane oxygenation</kwd><kwd>cardiotoxicity</kwd><kwd>respiratory failure</kwd><kwd>heart failure</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детская онкогематология</kwd><kwd>экстракорпоральная мембранная оксигенация</kwd><kwd>кардиотоксичность</kwd><kwd>дыхательная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>сердечная недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Olson T.L. 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