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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1011</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2025-24-2-14-26</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BTJSEB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Preclinical development of a protocol for the manufacturing of anti-CD5 CAR-T lymphocytes for the treatment of T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклиническая разработка протокола производства анти-CD5 CAR-T-лимфоцитов для терапии Т-линейных острых лимфобластных лейкозов и лимфом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0581-9472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaeva</surname><given-names>Elvira Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаева</surname><given-names>Эльвира Яшаровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>elvira.musaeva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-0706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malakhova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малахова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mallahovka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-4844</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7313-8498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vedmedskaia</surname><given-names>Victoria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ведмедская</surname><given-names>Виктория Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>viktoria.zubachenko@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-9332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipova</surname><given-names>Daria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипова</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>d_ossipova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-999X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>no-reply@eco-vector.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5371-1656</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernov</surname><given-names>Alexandr S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернов</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>no-reply@eco-vector.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4699-1730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>no-reply@eco-vector.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6553-2505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeeva</surname><given-names>Mariia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеева</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mailgram@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-0014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lodoeva</surname><given-names>Oiuna B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лодоева</surname><given-names>Оюна Баясхаловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lodoeva.oyuna@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9639-2779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulakovskaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулаковская</surname><given-names>Елена Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alenakulakovskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0057-2727</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sozonova</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Созонова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tania_heurly@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-4408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>Алексей Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>no-reply@eco-vector.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6148-7209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershin</surname><given-names>Dmitry E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>dimprsh@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1735-0093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>Michael A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>Michael.Maschan@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН ГНЦ РФ Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-07"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-07"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1011">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1011</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of cell therapy methods for T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia remains a relevant clinical challenge. The current study presents a preclinical stage of anti-CD5 CAR-T cell development without the use of additional genetic modifications, relying on down-regulation of CD5. The resulting cell products demonstrated sufficient expansion rates and CAR expression levels, the predominance of the Tem phenotype (CD197–CD45RA–) and low expression of exhaustion markers (PD-1, CD57, TIGIT). The antitumor function was confirmed both in vitro through the assessment of degranulation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity against the Jurkat cell line, and in vivo through the evaluation of CD5+ leukemia elimination in a murine model. The data obtained may serve as a basis for the development of a clinical manufacturing protocol for anti-CD5 CAR-T cells. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Разработка методов клеточной терапии Т-линейного острого лимфобластного лейкоза является актуальной задачей. В настоящем исследовании представлен доклинический этап разработки анти-CD5 CAR-T-лимфоцитов в условиях отсутствия дополнительных генетических модификаций за счет естественной down-регуляции маркера CD5. Полученные клеточные продукты продемонстрировали удовлетворительные показатели кратности экспансии и доли CAR-экспрессирующих клеток, преобладание Tem-фенотипа (CD197–CD45RA–), низкие уровни экспрессии маркеров истощения (PD-1, CD57, TIGIT). Функциональная активность была продемонстрирована как in vitro посредством оценки дегрануляции, синтеза цитокинов и цитотоксичности в отношении клеточной линии Jurkat, так и in vivo посредством исследования элиминации CD5+-лейкоза на мышиной модели. Полученные данные могут быть использованы для формирования клинического протокола производства анти-CD5 CAR-T-лимфоцитов. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute lymphoblastic leukemia</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>CAR T-cell therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый лимфобластный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>CAR-T-клеточная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>1023022700111-4</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>25-74-30002</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharapova G.R., Rumyantseva Yu.V., Boichenko E.G., Lagoiko S.N., Bydanov O.I., Aleinikova O.V., et al. 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