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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1020</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2025-24-2-111-115</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">RKQVDW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Severe hypercholesterolemia due to the cholestatic form of acute graft-versus-host disease with liver damage in a child following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тяжелая гиперхолестеринемия на фоне холестатической формы острой реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» с поражением печени у ребенка</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-6772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shutova</surname><given-names>Aleksandra D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шутова</surname><given-names>Александра Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alexandra.shutova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7866-7256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arakelyan</surname><given-names>Susanna K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аракелян</surname><given-names>Сусанна Кареновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>no-reply@eco-vector.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0717-2019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyudovskikh</surname><given-names>Evelina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Людовских</surname><given-names>Эвелина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>evcola@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3800-8927</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gutovskaya</surname><given-names>Elena I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гутовская</surname><given-names>Елена Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egutovskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Anna P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Анна Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>anna.vasilieva1988@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-1220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>Svetlana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>Светлана Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lana.n.kozlovskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8687-5497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipitsina</surname><given-names>Irina P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипицына</surname><given-names>Ирина Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>no-reply@eco-vector.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-053X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Юлия Валериевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>yuscvo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-0569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashov</surname><given-names>Dmitry N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bala8@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>115</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1020">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1020</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hypercholesterolemia is one of the complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Various factors may contribute to its etiology, including graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) of the liver. This publication presents a clinical case of severe hypercholesterolemia associated with acute GVHD with the liver involvement in a patient with Nijmegen syndrome. The patient's parents gave their consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications. A high level of lipoprotein X was detected by peripheral blood electrophoresis and subsequent typing. This laboratory phenomenon is a characteristic manifestation of dyslipidaemia associated with cholestasis accompanying the hepatic form of GVHD. Clinical improvement and a reduction of cholesterol levels were achieved after intensification of immunosuppressive therapy. This clinical case highlights the necessity for early recognition and differential assessment of severe hypercholesterolemia in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Гиперхолестеринемия является одним из осложнений аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. В ее этиологии могут играть роль различные факторы, в том числе реакция «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ) с поражением печени. В статье представлен клинический случай тяжелой гиперхолестеринемии на фоне острой РТПХ с поражением печени у пациента с синдромом Ниймеген. Родители пациента дали согласие на использование информации, в том числе фотографий ребенка, в научных исследованиях и публикациях. При исследовании соотношения липидных фракций с помощью электрофореза периферической крови с их последующим типированием был верифицирован высокий уровень липопротеина Х. Данный лабораторный феномен является характерным проявлением при нарушении липидного обмена, ассоциированного с холестазом, сопровождающим печеночную форму РТПХ. Клиническое улучшение и снижение уровня холестерина достигнуто после интенсификации иммуносупрессивной терапии. Представленный клинический случай актуализирует необходимость своевременного выявления и дифференцированной оценки тяжелой гиперхолестеринемии у пациентов после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypercholesterolemia</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>graft-versus-host disease</kwd><kwd>hepatitis</kwd><kwd>cholestasis</kwd><kwd>lipoprotein X</kwd><kwd>dyslipidemia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гиперхолестеринемия</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>реакция «трансплантат против хозяина»</kwd><kwd>гепатит</kwd><kwd>холестаз</kwd><kwd>липопротеин Х</kwd><kwd>дислипидемия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Blaser B.W., Kim H.T., Alyea E.P., Ho V.T., Cutler C., Armand P., et al. 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