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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1022</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2025-24-2-124-129</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YGGLOB</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia in children after allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пролонгированная гипогаммаглобулинемия после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7866-7256</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arakelyan</surname><given-names>Susanna K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аракелян</surname><given-names>Сусанна Кареновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>susanna2197@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-053X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Юлия Валериевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>yuscvo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1022">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1022</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a key treatment strategy for life-threatening hematologic and immunologic diseases. Immune reconstitution after allogeneic HSCT is a complex and multistage process, which is critical to the recovery of the patient's immune function and to the reduction of the risk of infectious complications. Studies show that most patients experience a significant improvement in immune function 6-12 months after transplantation; however, a full recovery may take up to 2 years or more. One of the major complications of allogeneic HSCT is prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia - low serum immunoglobulin G levels for more than 2 years after allogeneic HSCT. In the absence of a clearly defined threshold for hypogammaglobulinemia, the generally accepted definition is a serum immunoglobulin G level below 5 g/L. Impaired antibody formation and the occurrence of prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia in children after allogeneic HSCT are complex problems that require careful monitoring and appropriate management. Timely restoration of B cell number and function is critical to reduce the risk of infectious complications and improve the quality of patients' life.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК) - это ключевой метод лечения жизнеугрожающих гематологических и иммунологических заболеваний. Иммунная реконституция после аллогенной ТГСК представляет собой сложный и многоэтапный процесс, который критически важен для восстановления иммунной функции пациента и снижения риска инфекционных осложнений. Исследования показывают, что у большинства пациентов наблюдается значительное улучшение иммунной функции через 6-12 мес после трансплантации, однако полное восстановление может занять 2 года или более. Одним из ключевых осложнений аллогенной ТГСК является пролонгированная гипогаммаглобулинемия - низкие уровни сывороточного иммуноглобулина G на сроках более 2 лет после аллогенной ТГСК. В отсутствие четкого порога, определяющего гипогаммаглобулинемию, общепринятым является уровень иммуноглобулина G в сыворотке крови ниже 5 г/л. Нарушение антителообразования и возникновение пролонгированной гипогаммаглобулинемии у детей после аллогенной ТГСК представляют собой сложные проблемы, требующие внимательного мониторинга и адекватного лечения. Своевременное восстановление как количества, так и функциональности В-клеток является критически важным для снижения риска инфекционных осложнений и улучшения качества жизни пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypogammaglobulinemia</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulin G</kwd><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>B lymphocytes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипогаммаглобулинемия</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулин G</kwd><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>В-лимфоциты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova N.N., Savchenko V.G. Reconstitution of T-cell-mediated immunity in patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Russian Journal of Hematology and Transfusiology 2020; 65 (1): 24-38. 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