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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1048</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.1048</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The safety of use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol (acetaminophen) in pediatric hematology/oncology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Безопасность применения нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов и парацетамола (ацетаминофена) в детской онкогематологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5223-5215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybakova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбакова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anesthesiologist-Intensivist at Intensive Care Unit No. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии №1</p></bio><email>maria.rybakova@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-2981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maria.rybakova@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-4573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanashkin</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванашкин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maria.rybakova@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-2258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maria.rybakova@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-1896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myakova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мякова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>maria.rybakova@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Patrice Lumumba People’s Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>202</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-30"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-06"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1048">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1048</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim: </bold>to analyze current data on the safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol in children with oncological and hematological diseases considering the specific risks of this patient population.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>We conducted a systematic literature review in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and eLIBRARY databases, from 2020 to 2025, using the following keywords: “pediatric oncology”, “pediatric hematology”, “nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs”, “paracetamol”, “acetaminophen”, “safety”, “thrombocytopenia”, “febrile neutropenia”, “drug interactions”, “pain”.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The main risks of using NSAIDs and paracetamol in pediatric hematology/oncology were identified: hemorrhagic complications in patients with thrombocytopenia (individuals with platelet count &lt; 50 × 10⁹/L have a 2.5–4.0-fold increased risk), drug interactions with chemotherapy agents (especially with methotrexate), paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity (elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase in 15–25% of patients), renal toxicity of NSAIDs (acute kidney injury in 8–12% of patients). Safe dosages were established and clinical monitoring guidelines were developed. Paracetamol remains the treatment of choice in thrombocytopenia because it does not cause platelet aggregation.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The use of NSAIDs and paracetamol in pediatric hematology/oncology requires an individualized approach that would take into account patient’s hemostatic parameters, hepatic and renal function, ongoing chemotherapy and potential drug interactions. There is a need for further studies of the long-term safety of these drugs in this cohort of patients and for the development of clear clinical guidelines for their use.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – анализ современных данных о безопасности применения нестероидных противовоспалительных средств (НПВС) и парацетамола у детей с онкогематологическими заболеваниями в контексте специфических рисков данной популяции пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведен систематический обзор литературы в электронных базах данных PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science и eLIBRARY за период 2020–2025 гг. с использованием ключевых слов: «детская онкология», «педиатрическая гематология», «нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты», «парацетамол», «ацетаминофен», «безопасность», «тромбоцитопения», «фебрильная нейтропения», «лекарственные взаимодействия», «боль».</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Выявлены основные риски применения НПВС и парацетамола в детской онкогематологии: геморрагические осложнения при тромбоцитопении (риск увеличивается в 2,5–4,0 раза при уровне тромбоцитов &lt; 50 × 10⁹/л), лекарственные взаимодействия с химиопрепаратами (особенно с метотрексатом), гепатотоксичность парацетамола (повышение аланинаминотрансферазы/аспартатаминотрансферазы у 15–25% пациентов), нефротоксичность НПВС (острое повреждение почек у 8–12% больных). Установлены безопасные дозировки и протоколы мониторинга. Парацетамол остается препаратом выбора при тромбоцитопении благодаря отсутствию антиагрегантного действия.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Применение НПВС и парацетамола в детской онкогематологии требует индивидуального подхода с учетом показателей гемостаза, функции печени и почек, проводимой химиотерапии и потенциальных лекарственных взаимодействий. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования долгосрочной безопасности данных препаратов в этой популяции и разработка четких клинических рекомендаций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatric oncology</kwd><kwd>hematology</kwd><kwd>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs</kwd><kwd>paracetamol</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>pain</kwd><kwd>drug interactions</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детская онкология</kwd><kwd>гематология</kwd><kwd>нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd><kwd>парацетамол</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>боль</kwd><kwd>лекарственные взаимодействия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Friedrichsdorf S.J., Postier A. Multimodal analgesia in pediatric cancer pain management: a retrospective single-center study. 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