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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1071</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.1071</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HUQEAF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Compensatory clonal hematopoiesis in patients with Shwachman–Diamond syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клональный гемопоэз компенсаторного характера у пациентов с синдромом Швахмана–Даймонда</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6363-9602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyasova</surname><given-names>Nataliya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малясова</surname><given-names>Наталия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD in Clinical Laboratory Medicine at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории молекулярной биологии </p></bio><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3974-5662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-4646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8208-2075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deordieva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деордиева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-4456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-4939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-1499</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smetanina</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сметанина</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-2053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Raykina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Райкина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nataliya.malyasova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-25"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-05"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1071">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1071</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by a high risk of developing myeloid malignancies.</p> <p><bold>Aim:</bold> to determine the spectrum of compensatory genetic events in SDS as well as to analyze their potential role in the clinical course of the disease.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The study included 41 patients with confirmed SDS. For the analysis of somatic alterations, we employed high-throughput sequencing of the “Clonality of Hematopoiesis” targeted gene panel as well as cytogenetic methods.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Compensatory somatic events were detected in 31.7% of the patients. The most frequent alterations were genetic variants in the <italic>EIF6</italic> gene, as well as the i(7q) and del(20q) clonal cytogenetic abnormalities. Generally, these changes were not accompanied by clinical or morphological signs of myeloid transformation.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The obtained data suggest a possible role of somatic genetic compensation in maintaining the viability of hematopoietic cells in SDS. Therefore, the detection of markers of clonal expansion necessitates dynamic molecular monitoring.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Синдром Швахмана–Даймонда (СШД) относится к редким наследственным синдромам недостаточности костного мозга и характеризуется высоким риском развития миелоидных злокачественных новообразований.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – определить спектр генетических компенсаторных событий при СШД, а также оценить их потенциальную роль в клинической картине заболевания.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование включен 41 пациент с установленным диагнозом СШД. Анализ соматических генетических вариантов проводился с использованием высокопроизводительного таргетного секвенирования панели генов «Клональность гемопоэза», а также цитогенетических методов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Соматические компенсаторные события были выявлены у 31,7% пациентов. Наиболее частыми изменениями являлись соматические варианты в гене <italic>EIF</italic><italic>6</italic>, а также клональные цитогенетические аберрации i(7q) и del(20q). Выявленные изменения, как правило, не сопровождались клинико-морфологическими признаками миелоидной трансформации.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Полученные данные свидетельствуют о возможной роли соматической генетической компенсации в поддержании жизнеспособности гемопоэтических клеток при СШД. Следовательно, обнаружение маркеров клональной экспансии требует проведения динамического молекулярного мониторинга.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Shwachman–Diamond syndrome</kwd><kwd>somatic mutations</kwd><kwd>cytogenetic abnormalities</kwd><kwd>EIF6</kwd><kwd>SBDS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Швахмана–Даймонда</kwd><kwd>соматические варианты</kwd><kwd>цитогенетические аберрации</kwd><kwd>EIF6</kwd><kwd>SBDS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Shwachman H., Diamond L.K., Oski F.A., Khaw K.T. The syndrome of pancreatic insufficiency and bone marrow dysfunction. J Pediatr 1964;65:645–63.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Dror Y., Donadieu J., Koglmeier J., Dodge J., Toiviainen-Salo S., Makitie O. et al. Draft consensus guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. 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