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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1155</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.1155</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FSPBIM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Rare inherited bone marrow failure syndromes with cancer predisposition associated with <italic>SRP72</italic>, <italic>SH2B3</italic>, <italic>MYSM1</italic> and <italic>CBL</italic> variants: a literature review and case series</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Редкие синдромы врожденной костномозговой недостаточности с предрасположенностью к злокачественным новообразованиям, ассоциированные с вариантами <italic>SRP72</italic>, <italic>SH2B3</italic>, <italic>MYSM1</italic> и <italic>CBL</italic>: обзор и серия клинических наблюдений</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-5286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>a hematologist at the Pediatric Oncology/Hematology Isolation Unit </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-гематолог боксированного отделения гематологии и детской онкологии</p></bio><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3974-5662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4567-1871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-1705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-1499</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smetanina</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сметанина</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mariya.vasileva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-22"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1155">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/1155</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) comprise a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders characterized by impaired hematopoiesis and an increased risk of myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, and other malignancies. Rare forms of IBMFS present a particular clinical challenge because they may manifest as isolated cytopenia, a myeloproliferative phenotype, or a syndromic disorder with early clonal evolution.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We analyzed five male patients with rare inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. All the patients had undergone comprehensive molecular genetic testing. Clinical manifestations, molecular genetic and cytogenetic findings, indications for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and treatment outcomes were evaluated.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Variants in <italic>SRP72</italic> were identified in 2 patients, <italic>SH2B3</italic> in 1 patient, <italic>MYSM1</italic> in 1 patient, and combined <italic>CBL</italic> and <italic>STAG2</italic> alterations also in 1 patient. The age at disease onset ranged from the first months of life to 9 years (median – 61 months), whereas the median age at diagnosis verification was 10 years, indicating a substantial diagnostic delay. The most unfavorable disease course was observed in the patient with <italic>MYSM1</italic> deficiency who had developed monosomy 7, del(5q) and myelodysplastic syndrome with subsequent transformation to acute myeloid leukemia, and ultimately died of disease progression. HSCT was performed in two patients with <italic>SRP72</italic> variants, with one patient still alive and the other one deceased.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Our findings highlight the importance of early molecular genetic testing in children with persistent hematopoietic abnormalities, along with regular cytogenetic surveillance and timely referral of high-risk patients for HSCT.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Врожденные синдромы костномозговой недостаточности (ВСКМН) представляют собой гетерогенную группу наследственных заболеваний, характеризующихся нарушением гемопоэза и повышенным риском развития миелодиспластического синдрома, острого миелоидного лейкоза и других злокачественных заболеваний. Особую клиническую сложность представляют редкие формы, поскольку они могут проявляться как изолированной цитопенией, так и миелопролиферативным фенотипом или синдромальным заболеванием с ранней клональной эволюцией.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold><bold> </bold>В представленной работе проанализированы 5 пациентов мужского пола с редкими ВСКМН. Всем пациентам выполнено комплексное молекулярно-генетическое обследование, проведен анализ клинических проявлений, молекулярно-генетических и цитогенетических особенностей, показаний к аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК) и результатов лечения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Варианты <italic>SRP</italic><italic>72</italic> выявлены у 2 пациентов, <italic>SH</italic><italic>2</italic><italic>B</italic><italic>3</italic> – у 1, <italic>MYSM</italic><italic>1</italic> – у 1, сочетанные изменения <italic>CBL</italic><italic> + </italic><italic>STAG</italic><italic>2</italic> – у 1. Возраст дебюта варьировал от первых месяцев жизни до 9 лет (медиана – 61 месяц), при этом медиана возраста верификации диагноза составила 10 лет, что указывает на значительную диагностическую задержку. Наиболее неблагоприятное течение отмечено у пациента с <italic>MYSM</italic><italic>1</italic>-дефицитом, у которого выявлены моносомия 7, del(5q), миелодиспластический синдром с трансформацией в острый миелоидный лейкоз и летальный исход в результате прогрессирования заболевания. ТГСК выполнена 2 пациентам с <italic>SRP</italic><italic>72</italic> (1 – жив, 1 – умер).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Полученные данные подтверждают необходимость раннего молекулярно-генетического обследования детей со стойкими нарушениями гемопоэза, регулярного цитогенетического мониторинга и раннего направления на ТГСК пациентов высокого риска.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>inherited bone marrow failure syndrome</kwd><kwd>hereditary predisposition</kwd><kwd>SRP72</kwd><kwd>SH2B3</kwd><kwd>MYSM1</kwd><kwd>CBL</kwd><kwd>myelodysplastic syndrome</kwd><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром врожденной костномозговой недостаточности</kwd><kwd>наследственная предрасположенность</kwd><kwd>SRP72</kwd><kwd>SH2B3</kwd><kwd>MYSM1</kwd><kwd>CBL</kwd><kwd>миелодиспластический синдром</kwd><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dokal I., Tummala H., Vulliamy T. 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