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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">213</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2018-17-4-51-56</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The case of rare hereditary thrombocytopenia with a predisposition to the development of acute myeloid leukemia in twin children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Случай редкой наследственной тромбоцитопении с предрасположенностью к развитию острого миелоидного лейкоза у детей-близнецов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khajieva</surname><given-names>F. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаджиева</surname><given-names>Ф. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>resident in the field of hematolody.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Samory Mashela st., 1. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор по специальности «гематология».</p><p> 117997, Москва, ГСП-7, ул. Саморы Машела, 1. </p></bio><email>fatima09876@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-6754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharkov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4567-1871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-2053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Raykina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Райкина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Plyasunova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плясунова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panteleev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантелеев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitriy Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation.</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России.</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-01-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-01-12"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-01-12"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/213">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/213</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Family thrombocytopenia/thrombocytopathy with a predisposition to the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)  is a rare disease associated with a mutation in the RUNX1 gene. To date, there are data on this disease in no more than 70 families. We present a description of the clinical observation of this pathology in two twin children, and also offer an analysis of available literature on the pathogenetic aspects and prevalence of this rare disease. Patient's parents agreed to use personal dats and photos in research and publications.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Семейная тромбоцитопения/тромбоцитопатия с предрасположенностью к развитию острого миелоидного лейкоза – редкое заболевание, связанное с мутацией в гене RUNX1. Имеются сведения о данном заболевании не более чем в 70 семьях. В статье представлены описание клинического наблюдения данной патологии у двух детей-близнецов и анализ доступной литературы, посвященной патогенетическим аспектам и распространенности этого редкого заболевания. Родители пациентов дали согласие на использование информации о них, в том числе  фотографий, в научных исследованиях и публикациях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>family thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>hereditary thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>thrombocytopathia</kwd><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>RUNX1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семейная тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>наследственная тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопатия</kwd><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>RUNX1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sood R., Kamikubo Y., Liu P. Role of RUNX1 in hematological malignancies. Blood 2017; 15: 2070–8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Маркова Е.Н., Петрова Н.В., Разин С.В., Кантидзе О.Л. Транскрипционный фактор RUNX1. 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