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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">318</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-1-158-166</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Updated 2020 guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рекомендации 2020 года по диагностике и терапии инвазивного аспергиллеза у детей с онкогематологическими заболеваниями</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-7269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solopova</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солопова</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, head of infection prevention &amp; control department,</p><p>117997, Moscow, Samory Mashela st., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, заведующая отделением инфекционного контроля,</p><p>117997, Москва, ГСП-7, ул. Саморы Машела, 1 </p></bio><email>galina.solopova@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitriy Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-03-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>166</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/318">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/318</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of morbidity in immunocompromised children. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia, relapsed acute luekemia and stem cells recipients are at high-risk for IA. Despite improving of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of IA mortality remains high. The main factors for favorable outcome of IA are early diagnosis and prompt appropriate treatment. Currently, few different international guidelines for IA have been developed but there are no Russian recommendations. An additional problem typical for Russia is poor level of microbiological diagnostic leading to underestimated frequency of IA or non-appropriate usage of antifungal drugs. This article presents an algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of IA in immunocompromised patient taking into account the characteristics of children with hematologic malignancy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Инвазивный аспергиллез (ИА) – значимая причина в структуре инфекционной заболеваемости иммунокомпрометированных пациентов детского возраста. Наиболее высок риск развития ИА у пациентов, страдающих гемобластозами, преимущественно острыми миелоидными лейкозами, рецидивами острых лейкозов, и реципиентов трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. Несмотря на современные возможности диагностики, профилактики и лечения, смертность от ИА по-прежнему остается высокой. Известно, что факторами, оказывающими наибольшее влияние на благоприятный исход ИА, являются ранняя диагностика и незамедлительное начало противогрибковой терапии. Международными сообществами разработаны рекомендации по лечению ИА у детей, однако российские рекомендации отсутствуют. Дополнительная проблема, характерная для России, – неудовлетворительный уровень микробиологической диагностики, приводящий либо к убежденности врачей-гематологов в очень низкой заболеваемости инвазивными грибковыми инфекциями, либо к нерациональному назначению противогрибковых препаратов. В данной статье представлен алгоритм диагностики и выбора терапии ИА у иммунокомпрометированных пациентов с учетом особенностей, характерных для детей с онкогематологическими заболеваниями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>invasive aspergillosis</kwd><kwd>pediatric patients</kwd><kwd>hematologic malignancy</kwd><kwd>antifungal treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инвазивный аспергиллез</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>онкогематология</kwd><kwd>противогрибковая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке компании Пфайзер. Позиция авторов статьи может отличаться от позиции компании Пфайзер.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Groll A., Castagnola E., Cesaro S., Dalle J.-H., Engelhard D., Hope W., et al. 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