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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">347</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-2-129-140</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The complex intensive therapy regimen as curative therapy in patients with primary-resistant and relapsed neuroblastoma: R.M. Gorbacheva Memorial Institute for Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation experience</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Интенсивная комплексная терапия пациентов с первично-резистентным течением и рецидивами нейробластомы: опыт НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р.М. Горбачевой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-6213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantsev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist 2nd Pediatric Transplant Department, Chair,</p><p>Russia, 197022, St. Petersburg, Rentgen st., 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения трансплантации костного мозга для детей №2, ассистент кафедры гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии,</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><email>Ilya_Kazantsev@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2905-8209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gevorgyan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геворгян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-9182</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yukhta</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юхта</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2296-0358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolkunova</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толкунова</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-4616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvyagintseva</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звягинцева</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-601X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8227-8257</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golenkova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голенкова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1959-9063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9765-5673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuga</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куга</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-7673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvetsov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швецов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8589-4618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9605-485X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4536-1152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-8452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Punanov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пунанов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-7703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubarovskaya</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубаровская</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1235-4530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasyev</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьев</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">R.М. Gorbacheva Memorial Institute of Children Oncology, Haematology and Transplantation, I.P. Pavlov Saint-Petersburg First State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-07-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-01"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-07-01"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/347">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/347</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>About 20% of initially high-risk patients with neuroblastoma (NB) develop primary resistant to chemotherapy and more than 50% of them subsequently have a relapse. There is currently no uniform approach to therapy in this group and long-term outcomes are dismal. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University. A total of 78 patients with a median age of 5 (1–20) years with primary resistant (n = 33) or (n = 45) relapsed NB receiving treatment in R.M. Gorbacheva Memorial Center were included in this study. In 20 cases the 2nd-line therapy including topotecan (n = 10) or irinotecan (n = 10) was used, 58 patients received combined chemo- and targeted therapy (RIST regimen: rapamycin, irinotecan, sirolimus, temozolomide). Nineteen patients with primary resistant disease (n = 4) or systemic relapse (n = 15) subsequently underwent an allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation from haploidentical donor (haplo-HSCT). In all cases fludarabin-based reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens were used. Ten patents received modified graft (immunomagnetic selection or depletion), in 9 unmodified graft with subsequent post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCM) was used. Also, 16 of 19 haplo-HSCT recipients had post-transplant therapy. The clinical effect was seen in 79% of patients. The median event-free survival (EFS) in 2nd-line therapy and RIST recipients was 2.5 (1–11) and 8 (1–76) months, accordingly. The complete of good partial response in 2nd-line therapy or RIST recipients was seen in 5% and 15%, 14% and 31% of cases accordingly. The therapy toxicity was comparable in both groups. The median EFS for haplo-HSCT recipients was 15 months with 2-year OS and EFS in this group bring 44% and 21% accordingly. Seven of 19 (37%) patients are currently alive and 4 (21%) of 19 maintain response. All long-term responders have history of posttransplant therapy. There was no statistically significant difference based on graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis used (graft modification or PTCM) or KIR compatibility. Combined chemo- and targeted therapy (RIST) is characterized by acceptable toxicity and effective even in some previously resistant cases. In 20% of responders a long-term effect may be achieved by subsequent haplo-HSCT and post-transplant therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Первичная резистентность к терапии у пациентов с нейробластомой (НБ) группы высокого риска выявляется в 20% случаев и у более 50% детей, завершивших программу лечения, в дальнейшем развивается рецидив. Единого подхода к лечению этих пациентов не существует, а прогноз исхода заболевания крайне неблагоприятен. Данное исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБОУ ВО ПСПбГМУ им. И.П. Павлова Минздрава России. В исследование включены 78 пациентов с первично-резистентной формой (n = 33) или рецидивом (n = 45) НБ, получавших лечение в клинике НИИ ДОГиТ им. Р.М. Горбачевой ПСПбГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова. Медиана возраста составила 5 (1–20) лет. В 20 случаях проводили терапию 2-й линии на основе топотекана (n = 10) либо иринотекана (n = 10), а у 58 пациентов – комбинированную химио- и таргетную терапию (схема RIST: rapamycin, irinotecan, sirolimus, temozolomide; рапамицин, иринотекан, сиролимус, темозоломид). Девятнадцати пациентам с первично-резистентным течением (n = 4) или системным рецидивом заболевания (n = 15) в дальнейшем была выполнена аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток от гаплоидентичного донора (гапло-ТГСК). Во всех случаях применялись флударабин-содержащие немиелоаблативные режимы кондиционирования. В 10 случаях трансплантат модифицировали методом иммуномагнитной селекции (ИМС), а в 9 случаях в целях профилактики реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ) использовали посттрансплантационный циклофосфан (ПТЦф). В дальнейшем 16 из 19 пациентов получили терапию после гапло-ТГСК. Клинический эффект зафиксирован у 79% пациентов. Медиана бессобытийной выживаемости (БСВ) в группе терапии 2-й линии составила 2,5 (1–11) мес, а в группе RIST – 8 (1–76) мес. Полный и хороший частичный ответы в группах реципиентов терапии 2-й линии и RIST были зафиксированы в 5% и 15%, 14% и 31% случаев соответственно. Токсичность терапии была сравнимой в обеих группах. В группе реципиентов гапло-ТГСК медиана БСВ составила 15 мес, а 2-летние ОВ и БСВ – 44% и 21% соответственно. В настоящий момент живы 7 (37%) из 19 пациентов, а ответ сохраняется у 4 (21%) из 19. Все пациенты с длительным ответом получали посттрансплантационную терапию. Достоверных различий в медиане БСВ в зависимости от используемого режима профилактики РТПХ (ИМС против ПТЦф) и совместимости по KIR-системе в паре донор–реципиент выявлено не было. Комбинированная химио- и таргетная терапия (схема RIST) обладает благоприятным профилем токсичности и эффективности, в том числе у пациентов, не ответивших на предыдущие линии терапии. Гапло-ТГСК с посттрансплантационной терапией позволяет добиться длительного ответа у 20% пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>resistance/relapse</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>резистентность/рецидив</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>гаплоидентичная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Мень Т.Х., Поляков В.Г., Алиев М.Д. Эпидемиология злокачественных новообразований у детей в России. Онкопедиатрия 2014; (1): 7–13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мень Т.Х., Поляков В.Г., Алиев М.Д. Эпидемиология злокачественных новообразований у детей в России. 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