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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">400</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-3-173-188</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Anti-GD2 immunotherapy with the chimeric antibody ch14.18 for high-risk neuroblastoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>GD2-направленная иммунотерапия нейробластомы группы высокого риска с использованием химерных антител ch14.18</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Moscow, Samory Mashela st., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-218X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Moscow, Samory Mashela st., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-0007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Utalieva</surname><given-names>D. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уталиева</surname><given-names>Д. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Moscow, Samory Mashela st., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. med. sci., Head of the Department of Clinical Oncology, Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, </p><p>117997, Moscow, Samory Mashela st., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, заведующий отделением клинической онкологии, заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины,</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1 </p></bio><email>Denis.Kachanov@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>173</fpage><lpage>178</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-10-09"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-10-09"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/400">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/400</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children 0–14 years old. Current risk-adapted treatment programs are based on stratification of patient into three risk groups. 40–50% of patients are stratified into the high-risk group. The prognosis in high-risk patients remains poor (the probability of long-term survival is less than 50%), despite the use of aggressive multimodal therapy, including high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In most cases tumor cells in neuroblastoma express disialoganglioside GD2, which is a possible target for immunotherapy. Over the past 30 years, GD2-directed chimeric monoclonal antibodies ch14.18 have been introduced into clinical practice. A number of clinical studies have shown an improvement in the prognosis in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma, when using monoclonal antibodies ch14.18, primarily due to the eradication of the minimal residual population of tumor cells resistant to standard chemotherapy. This literature review summarizes the international experience in the use of monoclonal antibodies ch14.18 from early phases of clinical trials to large randomized trials, which allowed immunotherapy to be considered as an important component of multimodal therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma. Future prospects for the use and place of immunotherapy in first-line therapy of high-risk neuroblastoma and in relapsed setting are considered.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Нейробластома является наиболее частой экстракраниальной солидной опухолью у детей от 0 до 14 лет. Современные риск-адаптированные программы лечения основаны на выделении 3 групп риска. В группу высокого риска стратифицируются 40–50% пациентов. Прогноз у пациентов группы высокого риска остается неблагоприятным (вероятность долгосрочной выживаемости менее 50%), несмотря на применение агрессивной мультимодальной терапии, включающей высокодозную химиотерапию и аутологичную трансплантацию гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. В большинстве случаев опухолевые клетки при нейробластоме экспрессируют дисиалоганглиозид GD2, рассматривающийся как возможная мишень для проведения иммунотерапии. На протяжении последних 30 лет были разработаны и внедрены в клиническую практику GD2-направленные химерные моноклональные антитела ch14.18. Целым рядом клинических исследований было показано улучшение прогноза у пациентов с нейробластомой группы высокого риска при использовании моноклональных антител ch14.18, в первую очередь за счет эрадикации минимальной остаточной популяции опухолевых клеток, резистентных к стандартной химиотерапии. Настоящий обзор литературы обобщает международный опыт применения моноклональных антител ch14.18 от ранних фаз клинических исследований до крупных рандомизированных исследований, позволивших рассматривать иммунотерапию как важный компонент мультимодальной терапии нейробластомы группы высокого риска. Рассмотрены перспективы применения и место иммунотерапии в первой линии терапии у пациентов с нейробластомой группы высокого риска и у больных с рецидивами заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>GD2</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>GD2</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Spix C., Pastore G., Sankila R., Stiller C.A., Steliarova-Foucher E. Neuroblastoma incidence and survival in European children (1978–1997): report from the Automated Childhood Cancer Information System project. Eur J Cancer 2006; 42 (13): 2081–91. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.05.008</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kaatsch P., Spix C. 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