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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">421</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-4-66-81</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bilateral adrenal neuroblastoma: clinical presentation, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, treatment results</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Билатеральная адренальная нейробластома: клиническая картина, подходы к диагностике, терапии и результаты лечения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-218X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Natalya A. Andreeva</bold>, a pediatric oncologist at the Department of Clinical Oncology, a junior researcher at the Department of Embryonal Tumour Research and the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Андреева Наталья Александровна</bold>, врач-детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии, младший научный сотрудник отдела исследований эмбриональных опухолей и лаборатории молекулярной онкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>andreeva793@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-5252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8129-0545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербаков</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-7104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshchenko</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-2222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Likar</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ликарь</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друй</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-7517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchin</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощин</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3792-1682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yagdarov</surname><given-names>M. Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ядгаров</surname><given-names>М. Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/421">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/421</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bilateral adrenal neuroblastoma (BANB) is a very rare entity. It is more common in young children and has certain clinical features. Patients with BANB have a more favorable prognosis than patients with unilateral adrenal neuroblastoma (NB). The article presents an analysis of 29 cases of BANB in children who underwent treatment at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology. This study is supported by the Independent Ethics Committee and approved by the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology. The analysis was performed for the period from April 2012 to December 2018. Bilateral adrenal involvement was diagnosed on the basis of analysis/assessment of the results of all relevant imaging and instrumental tests. Additionally, we performed a retrospective analysis of the findings of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imagining, and scintigraphy with <sup>123</sup>I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (<sup>123</sup>I-MIBG). In view of <sup>123</sup>I-MIBG scintigraphy sensitivity threshold, and in order to confirm the diagnosis, imaging findings were reviewed by an experienced radiologist. The patients received therapy in accordance with the risk-adapted NB-2004 protocol. Here, we analyzed the details of clinical presentation of the disease, age at the time of diagnosis, time from the disease onset to diagnosis, the presence or absence of life-threatening symptoms (LTS) and adrenal insufficiency, the aspects of patient management (including special aspects of surgical treatment), and treatment results. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 1.9 months. The patients were divided into 3 groups: children with localized BANB; children with true stage 4 disease; children with stage 4S disease. Most patients had metastatic NB, whereby stage 4S cases prevailed (55%, n = 16). Given the low sensitivity of MIBG scintigraphy for the detection of small tumours (less than 2 cm), one should use a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the results of imaging and instrumental tests in patients with BANB in order to confirm bilateral involvement. At diagnosis, about half of the patients with BANB (48%) had clinical symptoms associated with the presence of a retroperitoneal tumour mass and massive hepatomegaly because of liver metastases. Thirty-four percent of patients developed LTS. One of the typical features of BANB was the frequent development of adrenal insufficiency (in 41% of cases) caused by bilateral adrenal involvement, and this should be taken into account when performing diagnostic investigations and providing treatment to patients. Since bilateral radical resection is associated with the inevitable development of adrenal insufficiency, surgical treatment should be determined on an individual basis. Bilateral adrenalectomy is not generally recommended and can be undertaken after an interdisciplinary discussion in case of unfavourable course of the disease (e.g. in case of recurrence). Even if patients with BANB develop certain complications or events (progression) their prognosis is still good. The three- and five-year event-free survival rates in patients with BANB were 86 ± 6.4%. The three- and five-year overall survival rates were 100%. The analysis of patients with BANB showed that they have a more favourable course of the disease, and this may serve as grounds for assigning such patients into a special group. In view of the degree of tumour extension, the specifics of staging, and frequent development of adrenal insufficiency, standard check-ups should be complemented by endocrine monitoring, and surgical approaches should be chosen on an individual basis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Билатеральная адренальная нейробластома (БАНБ) встречается крайне редко, чаще развивается у детей младшего возраста и имеет определенные клинические характеристики и благоприятный прогноз в отличие от унилатеральной адренальной нейробластомы (НБ). В статье представлен анализ 29 случаев БАНБ у детей за период с апреля 2012 г. по декабрь 2018 г., проходивших лечение в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева. Данное исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России. Билатеральное поражение надпочечников было установлено на основании анализа/оценки результатов всех инструментальных методов исследования. Дополнительно был проведен ретроспективный анализ данных компьютерной и магнитно-резонансной томографии, сцинтиграфии с метайодбензилгуанидином, меченным <sup>123</sup>I (<sup>123</sup>I-МЙБГ). Учитывая порог чувствительности <sup>123</sup>I-МЙБГ-сцинтиграфии, для уточнения диагноза проводился референс визуализации опытным врачом-рентгенологом. Терапия проводилась согласно риск-адаптированному протоколу NB-2004. В статье проанализированы особенности клинической презентации заболевания, возраст на момент постановки диагноза, время от начала заболевания до постановки диагноза, наличие/отсутствие жизнеугрожающих симптомов (ЖУС), надпочечниковой недостаточности, тактика ведения (в том числе особенности хирургического подхода) и результаты терапии. Медиана возраста на момент постановки диагноза составила 1,9 месяца. Пациенты были разделены на 3 группы: дети с локальной стадией БАНБ, больные с истинно 4-й стадией заболевания и пациенты с 4S стадией. Преобладали пациенты с метастатической формой заболевания, преимущественно за счет 4S стадии (55%, n = 16). Для подтверждения поражения второго надпочечника, учитывая низкую чувствительность МЙБГ-сцинтиграфии при опухолях небольших размеров (менее 2 см), следует прибегать к комплексной оценке результатов инструментального исследования при БАНБ. Около половины всех пациентов с БАНБ имели клиническую симптоматику на момент диагностики заболевания (48%), связанную с наличием опухолевой массы в забрюшинном пространстве и массивной гепатомегалией вследствие метастатического поражения печени. Развитие ЖУС наблюдалось у 34% пациентов. Одной из особенностей при БАНБ было частое развитие надпочечниковой недостаточности (41%) вследствие поражения обоих надпочечников, что необходимо учитывать во время обследования и терапии. В связи с неизбежным развитием надпочечниковой недостаточности при двустороннем радикальном удалении опухоли хирургическое лечение таких пациентов требует индивидуального подхода. Двусторонняя туморадреналэктомия не рекомендуется и может быть предпринята после междисциплинарного обсуждения при неблагоприятном течении заболевания, например, при рецидиве. Несмотря на развитие событий (прогрессии), прогноз при БАНБ оказывается благоприятным. Трех- и пятилетняя бессобытийная выживаемость при БАНБ составила 86 ± 6,4%. Трех- и пятилетняя общая выживаемость – 100%. Анализ пациентов с БАНБ показал более благоприятное течение опухолевого процесса, что может быть основанием для отнесения их в особую группу. Учитывая объем поражения, особенности стадирования, а также частое развитие надпочечниковой недостаточности, стандартное обследование должно быть дополнено эндокринологическим мониторингом, а хирургические подходы должны выбираться исходя из особенностей каждого случая.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>bilateral neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>adrenal insufficiency</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>билатеральная нейробластома</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>надпочечниковая недостаточность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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