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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">476</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2021-20-1-14-26</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROMISING STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children with Down syndrome: “Moscow–Berlin” experience</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Острый лимфобластный лейкоз у детей с синдромом Дауна: опыт группы «Москва–Берлин»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Краснодар</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9670-3728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Roumiantseva</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bydanov</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быданов</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow;</p><p>Minsk region, Borovlyany</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва;</p><p>Минский р-н, д. Боровляны</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-8676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharikova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарикова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-104X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagoiko</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагойко</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Краснодар</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratchik</surname><given-names>K. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратчик</surname><given-names>К. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslanyan</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асланян</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-1921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleynikova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алейникова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fechina</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фечина</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быкова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stavropol</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ставрополь</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-1896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myakova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мякова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshanskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachunskiy</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карачунский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель генерального директора – директор Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины;</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>alexandr.karachunski@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Children Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Детская краевая клиническая больница» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии&#13;
и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии&#13;
и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России, Москва&#13;
ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр детской онкологии, гематологии и иммунологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии&#13;
и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии&#13;
и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Детская краевая клиническая больница» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Children Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff10"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff11"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Morozov Children City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ РО «Областная детская клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff12"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Children Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии&#13;
и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff13"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ СО «Областная детская клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff14"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Children Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ СК «Краевая детская клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff15"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/476">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/476</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. Children with DS are more likely to develop acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Standard therapy is usually used to treat DS-ALL, but children with DS-ALL have an inferior outcome compared to non-DS patients, mainly due to increased therapy toxicity. The purpose of the study: in this study we aimed to analyze our experience of treating DS-ALL according to original protocol “Moscow–Berlin”. This study is supported by the Independent Ethics Committee and approved by the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. The analysis included primary ALL patients, aged 1 to 18 years, who received therapy in Russian and Belarusian clinics participating in the “Moscow–Berlin” study from January 2008 to December 2020. To analyze the treatment results of SD-ALL patients, a comparison group was formed from all patients with ALL registered in the database, using the matched-pair method. A total of 8296 ALL patients were registered in the database, of which 135 (1.63%) were patients with DS-ALL. The predominant age group of DS-ALL patients is 3–10 years. Among them there was no T-cell ALL patient, and both favorable and unfavorable genetic abnormalities were significantly less common. There were no differences in early response between DS-ALL and non-DS-ALL patients. The event-free (61 ± 6%) and overall survival (74 ± 4%) of DS-ALL patients was significantly lower than in the comparison group (84 ± 3% and 89 ± 3% respectively; p &lt; 0.001). No differences were found in relapse rate, while the treatment-related mortality (TRM) was higher in DS-ALL group (19.3 ± 3.5% versus 3.9 ± 1.2%; p˂0.001) in all treatment phase. The treatment results for DS-ALL patients remain unsatisfactory; therefore, new approaches to optimizing therapy are needed. High toxicity and associated TRM are the main problem. Future strategies to improve outcome in DS-ALL should include improved supportive care, the use of targeted drugs and immunotherapy, as well as the identification of new molecular genetic features. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Синдром Дауна (СД) является одним из наиболее распространенных хромосомных нарушений. Дети с СД имеют повышенный риск развития острого лимфобластного лейкоза (ОЛЛ). При СД-ОЛЛ обычно используется стандартная терапия, однако результат лечения больных с данной патологией хуже, чем таковой в общей популяции. Особую проблему составляет высокая токсичность терапии. Цель: представить опыт лечения ОЛЛ у больных с СД по оригинальному отечественному протоколу «Москва–Берлин». Данное исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России. В анализ включены первичные пациенты с ОЛЛ в возрасте от 1 года до 18 лет, получавшие терапию в клиниках России и Белоруссии, участвующих в исследовании «Москва–Берлин» с января 2008 г. по декабрь 2020 г. Для оценки результатов терапии группы пациентов с СД была сформирована группа сравнения из всех пациентов с ОЛЛ, зарегистрированных в базе данных (БД). Для минимизации различий между группами был применен метод подбора пар (matched-pair method) с помощью специально написанной программы. Всего в БД за указанный промежуток времени зарегистрировано 8296 пациентов с ОЛЛ. Из них пациентов с СД было 135 (1,63%). Преобладающая возрастная группа пациентов с СД-ОЛЛ ‒ 3–10 лет. Среди них не было ни одного пациента с Т-клеточным ОЛЛ и значимо реже встречались как благоприятные, так и неблагоприятные генетические аномалии. Не обнаружено различий в раннем ответе на терапию между пациентами с СД-ОЛЛ и не-СД-ОЛЛ. Бессобытийная (61 ± 6%) и общая (74 ± 4%) выживаемость пациентов с СД-ОЛЛ была существенно ниже, чем в группе сравнения (84 ± 3% и 89 ± 3% соответственно; р &lt; 0,001). Не обнаружено различий в риске развития рецидивов, тогда как летальность, связанная с терапией, выше у пациентов с СД-ОЛЛ (19,3 ± 3,5% против 3,9 ± 1,2%; р &lt; 0,001), причем на всех этапах терапии. Результаты лечения пациентов с СДОЛЛ на сегодняшний день остаются неудовлетворительными, что диктует необходимость новых подходов к оптимизации терапии. Основной проблемой у этих пациентов остается высокая токсичность терапии и связанная с ней летальность. Дальнейший прогресс в лечении СД-ОЛЛ может быть связан с разработкой новых подходов к сопроводительной терапии, использованием таргетных препаратов и иммунотерапии, а также с изучением молекулярногенетических особенностей этой подгруппы пациентов. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute lymphoblastic leukemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>Down syndrome</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый лимфобластный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>синдром Дауна</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Seewald L., Taub J.W., Maloney K.W., McCabe E.R.B. Acute leukemias in children with Down syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2012; 107 (1–2): 25–30. DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.07.011. 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