<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">482</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2021-20-1-58-65</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Specifities of the storage pool and morphology of platelets in children with unspecified hemorrhagic syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности пула хранения и морфологии тромбоцитов у детей с неуточненным геморрагическим синдромом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-2878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polokhov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полохов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>pathologist, laboratory of clinical hemostasis,</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клинического гемостаза,</p><p>17997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>dmitrii.polokhov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-2036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshonkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшонкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5217-3937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-7570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4567-1871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-5353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksenko</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексенко</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7578-9657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7534-3863</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Seregina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серегина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-2099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poletaev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полетаев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panteleev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантелеев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow;</p><p>Dolgoprudny</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва;</p><p>Долгопрудный</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-6754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharkov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Центр теоретических проблем физико-химической фармакологии» РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Московский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-04-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/482">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/482</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite modern possibilities of laboratory diagnosis of hemorrhagic syndrome, in some patients, the causes of bleeding remain unspecified. Among these reasons, mild defects in the platelet link of hemostasis can potentially be hidden. The aim of the work is to identify the features of the function of the platelet hemostasis in children with unspecified hemorrhagic syndrome. This study is supported by the Independent Ethics Committee and approved by the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. We examined 50 patients aged 2 to 17 years with various manifestations of bleeding and lack of laboratory data proving coagulopathy and/or thrombocytopenia; platelet cytofluorometry with activation was performed. The morphological characteristics of platelets in terms of size/granularity (FSC/SSC), the density of the CD62p receptor as a marker of a-granule secretion, and d-granules of platelets were assessed by the fluorescence of loaded mepacrine. Platelet activation was performed with a CRP + TRAP mixture. Comparison was carried out with the results of examination of 50 healthy children (control group - CG) aged 2 to 17 years. The severity of hemorrhagic syndrome was assessed using the standardized ISTH BAT score. The severity of hemorrhagic manifestations according to BAT ISTH score ranged from 2 to 6 points. As a result of the study, two groups of patients differing in the calculated parameter of the FSC/SSC ratio for non-activated platelets were identified. In the CG, the median FSC/SSC was 1.235 (from 1.1 to 1.4), in group 1 (n = 19), the median was 0.97 (from 0.9 to 1.05), and in group 2 (n = 31), the median was 1.24 (from 1.11 to 1.43). The number of platelets of the CG and the groups of patients did not differ significantly. A significant correlation between a decrease in the number of platelets and an increase in their size and granularity, while maintaining a high correlation between size and granularity was observed in groups of patients. In group 1, the overall granularity was increased regardless of the size and number of platelets, the volume of dense granules and membrane CD62p was increased, but the granular CD62p was decreased. The degranulation mechanism was not impaired in both groups of patients. Our results indicate convincingly the contribution of the storage pool and platelet morphology disorders to the development of hemorrhagic manifestations in children with unspecified hemorrhagic syndrome. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Несмотря на современные возможности лабораторной диагностики геморрагического синдрома, у некоторых пациентов причины кровоточивости остаются неуточненными. Среди данных причин потенциально могут скрываться легкие дефекты тромбоцитарного звена гемостаза. Цель работы: выявить особенности функции тромбоцитарного звена гемостаза у детей с неуточненным геморрагическим синдромом. Данное исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России. Обследованы 50 пациентов в возрасте от 2 до 17 лет с различными проявлениями кровоточивости и отсутствием лабораторных данных за коагулопатию и/или тромбоцитопению, проведена цитофлуориметрия тромбоцитов с активацией. Оценены морфологические характеристики тромбоцитов по размеру/гранулярности (FSC/SSC), плотность рецептора CD62р как маркера секреции a-гранул, d-гранулы тромбоцитов по флуоресценции загруженного мепакрина. Активация тромбоцитов производилась смесью CRP + TRAP. Сравнение проводили с результатами обследования 50 условно здоровых детей (контрольная группа, КГ) в возрасте от 2 до 17 лет. Выраженность геморрагического синдрома оценивалась при помощи стандартизованной шкалы ISTH BAT. Тяжесть геморрагических проявлений по шкале ISTH BAT составила от 2 до 6 баллов. В результате проведенного исследования были выделены 2 группы пациентов, различающиеся по расчетному параметру отношения FSC/SSC, для неактивированных тромбоцитов. В КГ медиана FSC/SSC составила 1,235 (от 1,1 до 1,4), в группе 1 (n = 19) – 0,97 (от 0,9 до 1,05), и в группе 2 (n = 31) – 1,24 (от 1,11 до 1,43). Количество тромбоцитов достоверно не различалось между КГ и группами пациентов 1 и 2. В группах пациентов наблюдалась достоверная корреляционная связь между уменьшением количества тромбоцитов и увеличением их размера и гранулярности с сохранением высокой корреляционной связи между размером и гранулярностью. В группе 1 общая гранулярность была повышена независимо от размера и количества тромбоцитов, были увеличены объем плотных гранул и мембранный CD62p, но снижен гранулярный CD62p. Механизм дегрануляции не был нарушен в обеих группах пациентов. Полученные нами результаты убедительно указывают на вклад нарушений пула хранения и морфологии тромбоцитов в развитие геморрагических проявлений у детей с неуточненным геморрагическим синдромом. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd><kwd>hemorrhagic syndrome</kwd><kwd>platelets</kwd><kwd>thrombocytopathy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>кровоточивость</kwd><kwd>геморрагический синдром</kwd><kwd>тромбоциты</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопатия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gresele P., Harrison P., Bury L., Falcinelli E., Gachet C., Hayward C.P., et al. Diagnosis of suspected inherited platelet function disorders: results of a worldwide survey. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12: 1562–9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Gresele P., Falcinelli E., Bury L. Laboratory diagnosis of clinically relevant platelet function disorders. Int J Lab Hem 2018; 40 (Suppl 1): 34–45.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Quiroga T., Goycoolea M., Panes O., Aranda E., Martínez C., Belmont S., et al. High prevalence of bleeders of unknown cause among patients with inherited mucocutaneous bleeding. A prospective study of 280 patients and 299 controls. Haematologica 2007; 92 (3): 357–65.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Andres O., Henning K., Straub G., Pfl ug A., Manukjan G., Schulze H. Diagnosis of platelet function disorders: A standardized, rational, and modular fl ow cytometric approach. Platelets 2018; 29 (4): 347–56.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Rand M.L., Reddy E.C., Israels S.J. Laboratory diagnosis of inherited platelet function disorders. Transfus Apher Sci 2018; 57: 485–93.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Ramström S., Södergren A.L., Tynngård N., Lindahl T.L. Platelet Function Determined by Flow Cytometry: New Perspectives? Semin Thromb and Hemost 2016; 42 (3): 268–81.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Ignatova A.A., Ponomarenko E.A., Polokhov D.M., Suntsova E.V., Zharkov P.A., Fedorova D.V., et al. Flow cytometry for pediatric platelets. Platelets 2019; 30 (4): 428–37.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Boknäs N., Ramström S., Faxälv L., Lindahl T.L. Flow cytometry-based platelet function testing is predictive of symptom burden in a cohort of bleeders. Platelets 2018; 29: 512–9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Gresele P., Harrison P., Gachet C., Hayward C., Kenny D., Mezzano D., et al. Diagnosis of inherited platelet function disorders: Guidance from the SSC of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13: 314– 22.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Rodeghiero F., Tosetto A., Abshire T., Arnold D.M., Coller B., James P., et al. ISTH/SSC bleeding assessment tool: a standardized questionnaire and a proposal for a new bleeding score for inherited bleeding disorders. JTH 2010; 8 (9): 2063–5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Suntsova E.V., Demina I.M., Ignatova A.A., Ershov N.M., Trubina N.M., Dobrynina J., et al. Bleeding tendency and platelet function during treatment with romiplostim in children with severe immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Int J Hematol 2017; 105: 841–8.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Ignatova A.A., Karpova O.V., Trakhtman P.E., Rumiantsev S.A., Panteleev M.A. Functional characteristics and clinical effectiveness of platelet concentrates treated with ribofl avin and ultraviolet light in plasma and in platelet additive solution. Vox Sang 2016; 110: 244–52.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Balduini C.L., Melazzini F., Pecci A. Inherited thrombocytopenias – recent advances in clinical and molecular aspects. Platelets 2017; 28: 3–13.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Michelson A.D., Barnard M.R., Krueger L.A., Valeri C.R., Furman M.I. Circulating monocyte-platelet aggregates are a more sensitive marker of in vivo platelet activation than platelet surface P-selectin. Circulation 2007; 104: 1533–7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Michelson A.D., Barnard M.R., Krueger L.A., Frelinger A.L. 3rd, Furman M.I. Evaluation of platelet function by flow cytometry. Methods 2000; 21 (3): 259– 70.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Chaudhary P.K., Kim S., Jee Y., Lee S.H., Park K.M., Kim S. Role of GRK6 in the regulation of platelet activation through selective g protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21: 1–14</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Mahmoodian R., Salimian M., Hamidpour M., Khadem-Maboudi A.A., Gharehbaghian A. The eff ect of mild agonist stimulation on the platelet reactivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19: 1–8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Koltsova E.M., Balashova E.N., Ignatova A.A., Poletaev A.V., Polokhov D.M., Kuprash A.D., et al. Impaired platelet activity and hypercoagulation in healthy term and moderately preterm newborns during the early neonatal period. Pediatr Res 2019; 85 (1): 63–71.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Hézard N., Potron G., Schlegel N., Amory C., Leroux B., Nguyen P. Unexpected persistence of platelet hyporeactivity beyond the neonatal period: a flow cytometric study in neonates, infants and older children. Thromb Haemost 2003; 90 (1): 116–23.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Polokhov D.M., Ershov N.M., Ignatova A.A., Ponomarenko E.A., Gaskova M.A., Zharkov P.A., et al. Platelet function and blood coagulation system status in childhood essential thrombocythemia. Platelets 2019; 31 (8): 1001–11</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Yip C., Linden M.D., Attard C., Monagle P., Ignjatovic V. Platelets from children are hyper‐responsive to activation by thrombin receptor activator peptide and adenosine diphosphate compared to platelets from adults. Br J Haematol 2015;168: 526–32.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
