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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">506</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2021-20-2-40-45</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Treosulfan-based conditioning for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with Diamond–Blackfan anemia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты применения кондиционирования с треосульфаном перед трансплантацией гемопоэтических стволовых клеток у пациентов с анемией Даймонда– Блекфена</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-1153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radygina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радыгина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Svetlana А. Radygina, hematologist, Hematopoietic Stem CellTransplantation Department №2</p><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Радыгина Светлана Анатольевна, врач-гематолог отделениятрансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток №2 </p><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>ra-svet-7@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1754-1220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-248X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8687-5497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shipitsina</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шипицына</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogoyavlenskaya</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богоявленская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-9266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyannikova</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсянникова</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0520-5630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelikhova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелихова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-053X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-0569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1735-0093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Healthcare&#13;
of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-05-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-05-20"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-05-20"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/506">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/506</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Busulfan-based conditioning regimens before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) are the standard therapy for a long time. Unfortunately, the high incidence of toxic complications is the cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM) or low quality of life. Treosulfan-based conditioning is very attractive, however only limited data exists of its administration in DBA patients. In this article, we present the experience of treosulfan usage along with novel approaches to “graft versus host” disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. From 2012 to 2020, 9 patients with DBA underwent HSCT. Matched unrelated donors were used in 7 patients, mismatched related in 1, and HLA-identical sibling in 1 patient. All patients received treosulfan-based conditioning. The sources of HSC were bone marrow (n = 3) and peripheral blood after TCRab+/CD19+ graft depletion (n = 6). Eight patients received various regimens of post-transplant prophylaxis, included calcineurin inhibitors alone or in combinations, 1 patient – mycophenolate mofetil. All transplanted patients engrafted. Median follow-up in survivors (n = 8) was 35.6 months. One patient (Karnofsky-index before HSCT 40%) died on day +58 due to multio rgan failure, caused by toxic and infectious complications. Besides, three patients had clinically signifiant toxic complications: oral mucositis grade 3 in 1 patient, treosulfan skin toxicity in 2, and moderate veno-occlusive-disease in 1 patient. Five patients had acute GVHD grade II with complete response to the 1st line therapy. There was no evidence of acute GVHD grade III–IV as well as chronic GVHD. Our data demonstrate, that treosulfan-based conditioning, alongside new cellular engineering approaches is effctive options for HSCT outcomes in patients with DBA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Режимы кондиционирования перед трансплантацией гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК) на основе бусульфана на протяжении долгого времени являются стандартом для пациентов с анемией Даймонда–Блекфена (АДБ). К сожалению, высокая частота токсических осложнений является причиной ТГСК-ассоциированной летальности или снижения качества жизни пациентов. Применение треосульфана для кондиционирования является привлекательным, однако данные о его использовании при АДБ крайне ограничены. Опыт применения треосульфана для ТГСК у пациентов с АДБ, в том числе в сочетании с новыми подходами к профилактике реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ), в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева представлен в данной публикации. Данное исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева. С 2012 по 2020 г. Проведено 9 аллогенных ТГСК пациентам с АДБ, 7 из которых получили трансплантат от неродственного донора, 1 – от гаплоидентичного, 1 – от HLA-идентичного сиблинга. Всем пациентам проводилось кондиционирование с треосульфаном. У 3 пациентов в качестве источника гемопоэтических стволовых клеток использовался костный мозг, у 6 – периферическая кровь после TCRab+/CD19+-деплеции с помощью иммуномагнитного метода. У 8 пациентов проводились различные режимы посттрансплантационной профилактики РТПХ на основе блокаторов кальциневрина, в 1 случае – монотерапия микофенолата мофетилом. Приживление трансплантата достигнуто у всех пациентов. Восемь пациентов живы с медианой наблюдения 35,6 мес. Один пациент (индекс Карновского 40% до ТГСК) умер на +58-й день от полиорганной недостаточности, обусловленной токсическими и инфекционными осложнениями. Еще 3 пациента имели клинически значимые токсические осложнения: 1 – мукозит III степени, 2 – тяжелую треосульфановую токсикодермию, 1 – веноокклюзионную болезнь печени средней степени тяжести. Острая РТПХ II стадии выявлена у 5 пациентов с полным ответом на первую линию терапии. Тяжелой острой РТПХ (&gt; II стадии) и хронической РТПХ не зарегистрировано. Использование треосульфана в кондиционировании, а также новые возможности клеточного инжиниринга трансплантата, по нашим данным, являются эффективными опциями для улучшения результатов ТГСК у пациентов с АДБ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Diamond–Blackfan anemia</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>treosulfan</kwd><kwd>conditioning</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анемия Даймонда–Блекфена</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>треосульфан</kwd><kwd>кондиционирование</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Vlachos A., Ball S., Dahl N., Alter B.P., Sheth S., Ramenghi U., et al.; Participants of Sixth Annual Daniella Maria Arturi International Consensus Conference. 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