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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">630</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2022-21-3-42-46</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The assessment of cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker and interleukin-3 levels in children with beta-thalassemia major</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>The assessment of cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker and interleukin-3 levels in children with beta-thalassemia major</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mahmoud</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Mahmoud</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>El-Hamid</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>El-Hawwary</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>El-Hawwary</surname><given-names>А. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Awad</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Awad</surname><given-names>S. W.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abdallah</surname><given-names>H. M.</given-names></name><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-8251</contrib-id><name><surname>Morsi</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3420-922X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>El-Hawy</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>El-Hawy</surname><given-names>M. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EG">Egypt</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mahmoud Ahmed El-Hawy, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Shebin El-Kom</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Mahmoud Ahmed El-Hawy, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Shebin El-Kom, 32511 Menoufia, Egypt</p></bio><email>mahmodelhawy18@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Menoufia University</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-30"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/630">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/630</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Beta-thalassemia is caused by a lack of or failure to synthesize beta globin chains in hemoglobin resulting in an excess of alpha chains. Cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker (CLNK) is an adapter protein which is involved in the regulation of immunoreceptor signaling. It was found to be associated with a tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptide (p92) in response to immunoreceptor stimulation. In thalassemia, oxidative stress causes tyrosine phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of band 3. Therefore, we aimed to see how serum CLNK and interleukin-3 correlated with serum ferritin and annual transfusion index in children with beta-thalassemia major (b-TM). This case-control study included 100 non-splenectomized, transfusion-dependent b-TM pediatric patients receiving oral deferasirox and 100 healthy controls. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Menoufia Faculty of Medicine, the approval number is 19/4/2021.PEDI. All procedures were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. In both groups, serum ferritin, interleukin-3, hemoglobin and CLNK levels were measured. They were found to be significantly higher in the b-TM patients than in the controls (p 0.001). There was a negative correlation between serum CLNK and hemoglobin (r = –0.483, p &lt; 0.001), and a positive correlation between serum CLNK and ferritin levels (r = 0.855, p &lt; 0.001). There was a positive correlation between serum CLNK, ferritin, and annual transfusion index. Increased serum CLNK in transfusion-dependent b-TM patients was associated with elevated serum ferritin concentrations and high annual transfusion index. This could be explained by reciprocal effects between immune signaling system and immature erythrocytes which release signaling molecules, such as CLNK, in the blood.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Beta-thalassemia is caused by a lack of or failure to synthesize beta globin chains in hemoglobin resulting in an excess of alpha chains. Cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker (CLNK) is an adapter protein which is involved in the regulation of immunoreceptor signaling. It was found to be associated with a tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptide (p92) in response to immunoreceptor stimulation. In thalassemia, oxidative stress causes tyrosine phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of band 3. Therefore, we aimed to see how serum CLNK and interleukin-3 correlated with serum ferritin and annual transfusion index in children with beta-thalassemia major (b-TM). This case-control study included 100 non-splenectomized, transfusion-dependent b-TM pediatric patients receiving oral deferasirox and 100 healthy controls. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Menoufia Faculty of Medicine, the approval number is 19/4/2021.PEDI. All procedures were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. In both groups, serum ferritin, interleukin-3, hemoglobin and CLNK levels were measured. They were found to be significantly higher in the b-TM patients than in the controls (p 0.001). There was a negative correlation between serum CLNK and hemoglobin (r = –0.483, p &lt; 0.001), and a positive correlation between serum CLNK and ferritin levels (r = 0.855, p &lt; 0.001). There was a positive correlation between serum CLNK, ferritin, and annual transfusion index. Increased serum CLNK in transfusion-dependent b-TM patients was associated with elevated serum ferritin concentrations and high annual transfusion index. This could be explained by reciprocal effects between immune signaling system and immature erythrocytes which release signaling molecules, such as CLNK, in the blood.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker</kwd><kwd>interleukin-3</kwd><kwd>transfusion-dependent thalassemia major</kwd><kwd>iron overload</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker</kwd><kwd>interleukin-3</kwd><kwd>transfusion-dependent thalassemia major</kwd><kwd>iron overload</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Modell B., Darlison M. Global epidemiology of haemoglobin disorders and derived service indicators. Bull World Health Organ 2008; 86 (6): 480–7. 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