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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">742</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2023-22-3-104-120</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The efficacy of the TRK inhibitor entrectinib in patients with extracranial <italic>NTRK</italic> fusion-positive tumors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность применения TRK-ингибитора энтректиниба у пациентов с экстракраниальными <italic>NTRK</italic>-перестроенными опухолями</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-191X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stradomskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Страдомская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Stradomskaya - a pediatric oncologist at the Department of Clinical Oncology.</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Страдомская Татьяна Валерьевна - врач-детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>stv-sergeeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-1879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleymanova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейманова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друй</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-3499</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panfyorova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панферова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1941-0491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Preobrazhenskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Преображенская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-218X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7846-3473</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagoyan</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагоян</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4042-0125</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Teleshova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Телешова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-8625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2670-547X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zacarinnaya</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зацаринная</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-3233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grachev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-539X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubanskaya</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубанская</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-284X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirgizov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киргизов</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4529-7891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Imyanitov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имянитов</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-20"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-07-03"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/742">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/742</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Somatic translocations involving the NTRK genes occur in 0.34–2.2% of all malignant neoplasms in children. TRK inhibitors whose efficacy has been demonstrated in prospective clinical studies expand treatment options for patients with solid tumors harboring NTRK gene rearrangements. The aim of our study was to summarize the first Russian experience with the use of the TRK inhibitor entrectinib in patients with extracranial NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors included in the compassionate use program. This study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. The study included 8 patients who had been treated at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology and the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology. The main criteria for inclusion in the compassionate use program were a confirmed rearrangement of either NTRK1/2/3 genes in a solid tumor in patients with unresectable disease for whom no effective standard systemic therapy was available, progressive or recurrent disease during therapy prescribed according to the established diagnosis, risk group and risk stratification criteria, and the infeasibility of non-mutilating radical surgery. The median age at diagnosis was 4.3 months (range 1.2–83.6). The male to female ratio was 1:1. The primary site distribution was as follows: head and neck (n = 6; 75%), chest wall (n = 1; 12.5%), pelvis (n = 1; 12.5%). None of the patients had regional lymph node involvement or distant metastases at diagnosis. The distribution by histology (according to histopathology reports) was as follows: infantile fibrosarcoma (n = 4; 50%), undifferentiated round cell sarcoma, low-grade (n = 1; 12.5%), undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma, high-grade (n = 1; 12.5%), NTRK-rearranged spindle cell sarcoma, low-grade (n = 1; 12.5%), spindle cell tumor associated with an NTRK rearrangement (n = 1; 12.5%). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with a pan-Trk monoclonal antibody was performed in 7/8 (87.5%) patients. Pan-Trk IHC was positive in 4/7 (57%) patients. Rearrangements in the NTRK1 and NTRK3 genes were confirmed in all the patients. The final methods used for the detection of fusion transcripts were as follows: reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (n = 4; 50%) and RNA-based next-generation sequencing (n = 4; 50%). NTRK1 and NTRK3 gene translocations were detected in 3/8 (37.5%) and 5/8 (62.5%) patients, respectively. The following fusion transcripts were identified: ETV6::NTRK3 (n = 4), DIP2C::NTRK3 (n = 1), TPR::NTRK1 (n = 1), TPM3::NTRK1 (n = 1), MYH10::NTRK1 (n = 1). One (12.5%) patient received entrectinib as first-line therapy, other patients (7/8, 87.5%) received entrectinib as secondor subsequent-line therapy. Three (37.5%) patients had undergone surgery before treatment with entrectinib: 2 had R2 resection, 1 had R0/R1 resection (resection margins were not evaluated). None of the patients received radiation therapy. The median duration of entrectinib therapy at the time of analysis was 11.8 months (range 2.3–20.1). Delayed surgery was performed in 2/8 patients; according to the histopathology reports, they achieved grade IV pathomorphosis. Three patients experienced adverse events during treatment with entrectinib. The median time to adverse events was 0.23 months (range 0.2–7.96). Three patients required temporary interruption in treatment to relieve symptoms, a subsequent dose reduction by one dose level was necessary when resuming therapy in two patients. The median follow-up since diagnosis was 19.5 months (range 14.9–75.0). All the patients included in our analysis were alive, three of them had no radiologic evidence of disease. Fifty percent of the patients completed targeted therapy, another 50% of the patients continued treatment with entrectinib. Complete and very good partial response was achieved in 3/8 and 2/8 patients, respectively. Partial response, minor partial response and stable disease were observed in one patient each. These results indicate high efficacy and safety of entrectinib in pediatric patients with extracranial NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors. Further studies are needed to determine the therapeutic potential of TRK inhibitors in the treatment of different solid malignant neoplasms in children and to assess long-term treatment results.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Соматические транслокации с вовлечением генов семейства NTRK встречаются в 0,34–2,2% случаев всех злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО) у детей. Продемонстрированная в проспективных клинических исследованиях эффективность TRK-ингибиторов расширяет возможности терапии пациентов с солидными ЗНО, характеризующимися наличием перестроек генов NTRK. Целью настоящего исследования явилось обобщение первого российского опыта применения TRKингибитора энтректиниба у пациентов с NTRK-перестроенными экстракраниальными солидными опухолями, включенных в программу расширенного доступа. Данное исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России. В исследование включены 8 пациентов, получавших лечение в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева и НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина. Основными критериями включения в программу расширенного доступа были наличие подтвержденной перестройки генов NTRK1/2/3 в солидной опухоли при отсутствии доказанной эффективной системной терапии у пациентов с нерезектабельными опухолями, прогрессирование/рецидив в процессе проведения терапии, назначенной в соответствии с установленным диагнозом, группой риска и другими критериями стратификации на группы риска, и невозможность проведения радикального хирургического лечения без калечащих и инвалидизирующих последствий. Медиана возраста на момент постановки диагноза составила 4,3 месяца (разброс 1,2–83,6 месяца). Соотношение мальчики:девочки – 1:1. Распределение по локализации первичной опухоли: голова и шея – 6 (75%) пациентов, грудная клетка – 1 (12,5%), малый таз – 1 (12,5%). Ни у одного пациента на момент постановки диагноза не было выявлено поражения регионарных лимфатических узлов и отдаленных метастатических очагов. Распределение по гистологическому типу (согласно гистологическому заключению): инфантильная фибросаркома – 4 (50%), недифференцированная круглоклеточная саркома низкой степени злокачественности – 1 (12,5%), недифференцированная веретеноклеточная саркома высокой степени злокачественности – 1 (12,5%), NTRK-перестроенная веретеноклеточная саркома низкой степени злокачественности – 1 (12,5%), веретеноклеточная опухоль, ассоциированная с перестройкой NTRK, – 1 (12,5%). Иммуногистохимическое исследование с использованием моноклонального антитела pan-TRK было выполнено 7/8 (87,5%) пациентам. В 4/7 (57%) случаях отмечена экспрессия TRK, в 3/7 (43%) – отсутствие экспрессии. Перестройки генов NTRK1 и NTRK3 были подтверждены у всех пациентов. Распределение по окончательному методу выявления транслокаций: полимеразная цепная реакция с обратной транскрипцией – 4 (50%), высокопроизводительное секвенирование РНК – 4 (50%). У 3/8 (37,5%) пациентов выявлена перестройка гена NTRK1, у 5/8 (62,5%) – NTRK3. Выявлены следующие химерные транскрипты: ETV6::NTRK3 (n = 4), DIP2C::NTRK3 (n = 1), TPR::NTRK1 (n = 1), TPM3::NTRK1 (n = 1), MYH10::NTRK1 (n = 1). Один (12,5%) пациент получал энтректиниб в качестве терапии первой линии, остальные (7/8; 87,5%) – в качестве второй или последующих линий. Трем (37,5%) пациентам проведено хирургическое вмешательство перед терапией энтректинибом: 2/3 в объеме R2-резекции, 1/3 – R0/R1 (края резекции не оценивались). Лучевая терапия не проводилась ни в одном случае. Медиана длительности терапии энтректинибом на момент анализа составила 11,8 мес (разброс 2,3–20,1 мес). Отсроченная операция проведена 2/8 пациентам, по данным гистологического заключения отмечен патоморфоз IV степени. Нежелательные явления на терапии энтректинибом отмечены у 3/8 пациентов. Медиана времени до возникновения нежелательных явлений составила 0,23 мес (разброс 0,2–7,96 мес). У 3 пациентов потребовался перерыв в приеме препарата для купирования симптомов, у 2 больных была необходимость в редукции дозы на 1 ступень при возобновлении терапии. Медиана наблюдения с момента постановки диагноза составила 19,5 мес (разброс 14,9–75,0 мес). Все пациенты, включенные в анализ (n = 8), живы, из них 3 без визуализируемого опухолевого процесса. Таргетная терапия завершена у 4/8 (50%) пациентов, 4/8 (50%) продолжают лечение энтректинибом. Полный ответ достигнут в 3/8 случаях, очень хороший частичный ответ – в 2/8. По 1 случаю пришлось на частичный ответ, незначительный частичный ответ и стабилизацию. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о высокой эффективности и безопасности энтректиниба у пациентов с экстракраниальными солидными опухолями при наличии подтвержденных перестроек генов семейства NTRK. Необходимы дополнительные исследования для определения места TRK-ингибиторов в терапии различных видов солидных ЗНО у детей и оценке отдаленных результатов терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatric</kwd><kwd>NTRK gene family</kwd><kwd>TRK inhibitors</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>entrectinib</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>гены семейства NTRK</kwd><kwd>TRK-ингибиторы</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>энтректиниб</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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