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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">824</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-2-90-97</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Endoscopic criteria for colonic mucosal damage in children with suspected acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эндоскопические критерии повреждения слизистой оболочки толстой кишки у детей с подозрением на острую реакцию «трансплантат против хозяина» после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3203-9730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubina</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубина</surname><given-names>Т . С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Tatyana S. Shubina</bold>, an endoscopist at the Department of Endoscopy and Department of Oncology and Pediatric Surgery </p><p><italic>Address: 1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997, Russia</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Шубина Татьяна Сергеевна</bold>, врач-эндоскопист отдела эндоскопии и отделения онкологии и детской хирургии </p><p><italic>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</italic></p></bio><email>tatya25@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-0569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Дмитрий Николаевич Балашов</bold>, д.м.н., заведующий отделением трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток №2, врач-гематолог </p><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><email>bala8@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-7592</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lokhmatov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лохматов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Максим Михайлович Лохматов</bold>, д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, заведующий отделением эндоскопических исследований, врач-эндоскопист; профессор кафедры детской хирургии и уро-андрологии Сеченовского университета</p><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><email>lokhmatov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7779-1969</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Илья Владимирович Захаров</bold>, руководитель отдела эндоскопии, врач-эндоскопист, отделение онкологии и детской хирургии</p><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><email>zah.82.82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3664-2876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Дмитрий Сергеевич Абрамов</bold>, врач-патологоанатом, отделение патологической анатомии</p><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><email>abramovd_s@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-209X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhaladze</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахаладзе</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Дмитрий Гурамович Ахаладзе</bold>, д.м.н., заместитель главного врача по хирургии</p><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><email>d.g.akhaladze@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children's Health of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (the Sechenov University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-14"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/824">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/824</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Today, results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) are very encouraging but nevertheless, 25–75% of patients still develop complications, and mortality rates reach as high as 10–19%. Two major complications of allo-HSCT are graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and viral infections. The diagnosis of intestinal GVHD remains a challenge. Incorrect interpretation of gastrointestinal lesions may lead to grave consequences. The development of endoscopic criteria for GVHD is a major focal point in foreign literature. In our study, we included 33 patients aged 1–17 years with signs of enterocolitis and suspected isolated intestinal GVHD who had received allo-HSCT at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russia between 2020 and 2023. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. All the patients underwent white-light colonoscopy with i-scan and, if necessary, chromoendoscopy; as well as colonic mucosal biopsy for further histopathological evaluation and intestinal infection testing. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software. Viruses were identified in the colonic mucosal samples of 84.8% of the patients. The most common pathogens were: HHV-6 (in 50% of the cases), norovirus (46.4%) and adenovirus (35.7%). The high incidence of colonic viral infections in the children with GVHD is likely the result of virus reactivation during intensive immunosuppressive therapy following allo-HSCT. In 78.8% of the study patients, the colonic mucosa had orange-peel appearance, which led us to consider such mucosal changes to be the main criterion for the endoscopic diagnosis of GVHD in children after allo-HSCT, regardless of the presence or absence of viral infections. Our study demonstrated a fairly high effectiveness of the chromoendoscopy advanced imaging technology. Further research on ways to improve methods for GVHD differential diagnosis is required.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время результаты использования аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло-ТГСК) являются весьма обнадеживающими, но, несмотря на это, у 25–75% пациентов развиваются осложнения и в 10–19% случаев наступает смертельный исход. Среди осложнений алло-ТГСК особое место занимают реакция «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ) и вирусные инфекции. Диагностика интестинальной формы РТПХ остается сложной проблемой. Неправильная трактовка поражения желудочно-кишечного тракта чревата тяжелыми последствиями. Особое внимание в зарубежной литературе уделяется разработке эндоскопических критериев диагностики РТПХ. В исследование включены 33 пациента в возрасте 1–17 лет после алло-ТГСК, трансплантированных в период с 2020 по 2023 г. в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России, с клиникой энтероколита и подозрением на изолированное течение интестинальной формы РТПХ. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева. Всем обследованным выполнялась колоноскопия в белом свете, в режиме i-scan, при необходимости – хромоэндоскопия, а также биопсия слизистой оболочки толстой кишки для гистопатологической оценки и выявления кишечных инфекций в биоптате. Статистическая обработка данных выполнялась на программном обеспечении IBM SPSS Statistics 23. У 84,8% пациентов в биоптате слизистой оболочки толстой кишки обнаружены вирусы. Преобладающими патогенами были вирус герпеса человека 6-го типа (50%), норовирус (46,4%) и аденовирус (35,7%). Высокая частота вирусного поражения толстой кишки у детей с РТПХ, вероятно, объясняется реактивацией вирусной инфекции после алло-ТГСК на фоне активной иммуносупрессивной терапии. У 78,8% пациентов с РТПХ выявлены изменения по типу «апельсиновой корки», что позволяет рассматривать данный критерий как основной при эндоскопической диагностике РТПХ у детей после алло-ТГСК вне зависимости от наличия или отсутствия вирусных инфекций. Данное исследование продемонстрировало достаточно высокую эффективность технологии улучшения визуализации методом хромоэндоскопии. Исследования по совершенствованию методов дифференциальной диагностики РТПХ необходимо продолжать.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endoscopy</kwd><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>graft-versus-host disease</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндоскопия</kwd><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>реакция «трансплантат против хозяина»</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kanate A.S., Majhail N.S., Savani B.N., Bredeson C., Champlin R.E., Crawford S., et al. Indications for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Immune Effector Cell Therapy: Guidelines from the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26 (7): 1247–56. 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