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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">843</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-3-123-129</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pathomorphological diagnosis of <italic>Ph</italic>-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Патоморфологическая диагностика <italic>Ph</italic>-негативных хронических миелопролиферативных новообразований у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-3136</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8511-1118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarakanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараканова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Tarakanova - a pathologist at the Pathology Department.</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тараканова Александра Васильевна - врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>sequaciou@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3664-2876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Сергеевич Абрамов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>abramovd_s@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-2036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshonkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшонкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Вадимович Пшонкин</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>Alexey.Pshonkin@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Михайлович Коновалов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>pathmorf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-27"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/843">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/843</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>BCR::ABL/Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (CMPN) in children differ from those in adults in clinical manifestations and genetic alterations. Taking into account the well-known physiology of hematopoiesis in children, it seems important to compare the histological features of CMPN in pediatric patients with the criteria for the diagnosis of these diseases in adults specified in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In pediatric practice, the interpretation of changes in hematopoiesis in patients with CMPN without any established driver mutation has a particular importance for differential diagnosis with secondary thrombocytosis and erythrocytosis. For our analysis, we used bone marrow trephine biopsy specimens from the biobank of the Pathology Department of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. They had been obtained between 2016 and 2023 from 70 patients for initial histological examination. The final clinical diagnosis for these patients was CMPN. The frequency of the most common histological changes in hematopoiesis was assessed retrospectively. We compared our results with the data from the WHO classification, analysed the differences in morphological changes in the subgroups of patients with essential thrombocythemia with an established mutation or without it, assessed the relationship between the morphological changes and clinical symptoms of CMPN. The changes in hematopoiesis in children with CMPN are predominantly similar to those in adults, however there are differences in the morphology of megakaryocytes (scarcity of giant cells with hypersegmented nuclei (staghorn-like), an increased number of small and naked nuclei cells). In addition, bone marrow cellularity assessment has a low diagnostic value in differentiating between essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera in children. There are no differences in morphology in the subgroups of patients with essential thrombocythemia with an established mutation or without it. No statistically significant association between clinical symptoms of the disease and any of the morphological features of CMPN was found. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>BCR::ABL/Ph-негативные хронические миелопролиферативные новообразования (ХМПН) у детей отличаются клиническими проявлениями и генетическими альтерациями от аналогичных заболеваний у взрослых. Учитывая известные физиологические особенности гемопоэза у детей, актуальной представляется задача сопоставления гистологических признаков ХМПН у педиатрических пациентов с критериями, предлагаемыми классификацией Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), для диагностики этих заболеваний у взрослых. Особое значение в педиатрической практике имеет интерпретация изменений гемопоэза у пациентов с ХМПН без установленной драйверной мутации при дифференциальной диагностике с вторичными тромбоцитозами и эритроцитозами. Для анализа из архива патологоанатомического отделения НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева отобраны материалы первичного гистологического исследования трепанобиоптатов костного мозга 70 пациентов с итоговым клиническим диагнозом ХМПН за период с 2016 по 2023 г., ретроспективно произведена оценка частоты встречаемости наиболее распространенных гистологических изменений гемопоэза. Полученные результаты сопоставлены с данными классификации ВОЗ, проведен анализ различий морфологических изменений в подгруппах пациентов с эссенциальной тромбоцитемией с установленной мутацией и без нее, выполнена оценка взаимосвязи морфологических изменений с наличием клинических проявлений ХМПН. Изменения гемопоэза при ХМПН у детей преимущественно аналогичны таковым у взрослых, отмечаются различия в морфологии мегакариоцитов (редкость гигантских клеток с гиперсегментированными ядрами (по типу «оленьих рогов»), увеличение количества малых и голоядерных форм), а также низкая значимость оценки клеточности костного мозга в дифференциальной диагностике эссенциальной тромбоцитемии и истинной полицитемии у детей. В подгруппах пациентов с эссенциальной тромбоцитемией с установленной мутацией и без нее различия в морфологии отсутствуют. Не обнаружена статистически значимая взаимосвязь клинических проявлений заболевания ни с одним из морфологических признаков ХМПН. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myeloproliferative disorder</kwd><kwd>essential thrombocythemia</kwd><kwd>polycythemia vera</kwd><kwd>primary myelofibrosis</kwd><kwd>chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms</kwd><kwd>JAK2</kwd><kwd>CALR</kwd><kwd>MPL</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миелопролиферативное заболевание</kwd><kwd>эссенциальная тромбоцитемия</kwd><kwd>истинная полицитемия</kwd><kwd>первичный миелофиброз</kwd><kwd>хронические миелопролиферативные новообразования</kwd><kwd>JAK2</kwd><kwd>CALR</kwd><kwd>MPL</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. van der Walt J., Orazi A., Arber D.A. Diagnostic bone marrow haematopathology. Cambridge University Press; 2020. 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