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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">848</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-1-108-118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Tolerability and toxicity of induction chemoimmunotherapy with dinutuximab beta in newly diagnosed patients with high-risk neuroblastoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Переносимость и токсичность индукционной химиоиммунотерапии с динутуксимабом бета у первичных пациентов с нейробластомой группы высокого риска</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Shamanskaya, Cand. Med. Sci., Head of the Department</p><p>Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Department for Embryonal Tumor Research</p><p>117997; 1 Samory Mashela St.; Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Викторовна Шаманская, канд. мед. наук, заведующая отделом</p><p>Институт онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины; отдел изучения эмбриональных опухолей</p><p>117997; ул. Саморы Машела, 1; Москва</p></bio><email>shamanskaya.tatyana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9927-8445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-125X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabaeva</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабаева</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3792-1682</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yadgarov</surname><given-names>M. Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ядгаров</surname><given-names>М. Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2670-547X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zatsarinnaya</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зацаринная</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-0007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Utalieva</surname><given-names>D. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уталиева</surname><given-names>Д. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-0050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-5960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/848">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/848</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against GD2 are used as part of post-consolidation treatment for high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients with minimal residual tumor after induction therapy. It has been reported that a good end-of-induction response is associated with better event-free survival and overall survival rates. The use of mAbs in combination with chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in treating patients with relapsed NB in several international studies. Thus, the need to achieve a good end-of-induction response in high-risk NB and the feasibility of combining chemotherapy with mAbs serve as a rationale for employing immunotherapy during induction treatment of newly diagnosed patients with NB. Here, we present the results of the first Russian single-center study on the use of chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) during induction treatment in newly diagnosed patients with high-risk NB. In this prospective study carried out at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology between January and August 2023, we enrolled 5 high-risk stage 4 NB patients aged &gt; 18 months. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and the Independent Ethics Committee of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Protocol No. 10э/9-22 dated 10. 12. 2022). Therapy was carried out according to the modified GPOH NB2004 protocol. Starting from the 3<sup>rd</sup> course of induction, patients received 4 alternating courses of chemotherapy in combination with anti-G mAbs ch14.18/CHO (dinutuximab beta) at a dose of 10 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day administered as a continuous infusion over 5 days. Toxicity was assessed as per the CTCAE 5.0 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0). A total of 20 courses of CIT were given. All patients completed induction therapy, with 3/5 (60%) achieving at least a partial response. There were no cases of unexpected severe toxicity or death. There were no pauses in the administration of mAb throughout all the CIT cycles, and all the patients received dinutuximab beta at full dose. Grade 3/4 toxicity was predominantly hematological. Non-hematological toxicity of grade ≥ III/IV included hypokalemia in 5/20 (25 %) courses, hypertension in 4/20 (20 %) courses and diarrhea in 3/20 (15 %) courses (due to viral infection). The need for opioid analgesics decreased with each successive course of treatment. The selected CIT regimen combining induction chemotherapy as per the GPOH NB2004 protocol and dinutuximab beta demonstrated safety and acceptable toxicity in newly diagnosed patients with high-risk stage 4 NB older than 18 months. Further multicenter cooperative studies will allow for the development of the optimal induction regimen consisting of chemotherapy and mAbs for improved survival in patients with high-risk NB.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>   Применение GD2-направленных моноклональных антител (мАТ) в терапии пациентов с нейробластомой (НБ) группы высокого риска является одним из элементов этапа постконсолидационного лечения при наличии минимальной опухолевой массы после завершения этапа индукционной терапии. При этом лучший ответ на индукционный этап лечения ассоциирован с более высокими показателями бессобытийной и общей выживаемости. В ряде международных исследований применение мАТ в комбинации с химиопрепаратами показало свою эффективность при лечении пациентов с рецидивами НБ. Таким образом, необходимость достижения хорошего ответа на индукционный этап лечения в группе высокого риска и возможность сочетанного применения химиотерапии и мАТ является основанием для внедрения иммунотерапии в лечение первичных пациентов с НБ на этапе индукции. В статье представлен первый российский опыт проведения химиоиммунотерапии (ХИТ) на этапе индукционного лечения у первичных пациентов с НБ группы высокого риска в рамках моноцентрового исследования. В проспективное исследование, выполненное в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» с 01. 2023 по 08. 2023, были включены 5 пациентов старше 18 месяцев с НБ группы высокого риска с 4-й стадией заболевания. Данное исследование утверждено экспертным советом и независимым этическим комитетом ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России (протокол № 10э/9-22 от 10. 12. 2022). Терапия проводилась по модифицированному протоколу GPOH NB2004. Начиная с 3-го индукционного курса, пациенты получали 4 курса химиотерапии в альтернирующем режиме в комбинации с GD2-направленными мАТ ch14.18/CHO (динутуксимаб бета) в дозе 10 мг/м<sup>2</sup>/сут в виде непрерывной инфузии в течение 5 сут. Оценка токсичности проводилась согласно CTCAE 5.0 (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0). Всего было проведено 20 курсов ХИТ. Все пациенты завершили индукционную терапию с достижением как минимум частичного ответа у 3/5 (60 %) детей. Ни в одном случае не было отмечено эпизодов тяжелой непредвиденной токсичности или летального исхода. Все курсы ХИТ были проведены без пауз во время введения мАТ и пациенты получили полные дозы динутуксимаба бета. Основной профиль токсичности III–IV степени отмечался со стороны гематологических показателей. Негематологическая токсичность ≥ III/IV степени регистрировалась в отношении гипокалиемии на 5/20 (25 %) курсах, артериальной гипертензии на 4/20 (20 %) и диарейного синдрома на 3/20 (15 %), что было обусловлено присоединением вирусной инфекции. Потребность в назначении опиоидных анальгетиков уменьшалась от курса к курсу. Выбранный режим комбинации индукционной химиотерапии GPOH NB2004 и динутуксимаба бета показал свою безопасность и приемлемую токсичность у первичных пациентов старше 18 месяцев с НБ 4-й стадии группы высокого риска. Дальнейшие многоцентровые исследования позволят выработать оптимальный индукционный режим на основе комбинации химиопрепаратов и мАТ в целях улучшения выживаемости пациентов с НБ группы высокого риска.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>high-risk</kwd><kwd>induction therapy</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies</kwd><kwd>dinutuximab beta</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>высокий риск</kwd><kwd>индукционная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>динутуксимаб бета</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Qiu B., Matthay K.K. Advancing therapy for neuroblastoma. 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