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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">863</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-3-68-79</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Metanephric tumors in children and adolescents: clinical, morphological and molecular genetic characteristics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метанефральные опухоли у детей и подростков: клинические, морфологические и молекулярно-генетические характеристики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-8625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya A. Smirnova - a pediatric oncologist of the Department of Clinical Oncology.</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Лилия Андреевна - врач-детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>liliya.smirnova94@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-2708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Михайловна Митрофанова - врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>ms.anna.mitrofanova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4042-0125</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Teleshova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Телешова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маргарита Викторовна Телешова - врач-детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>teleshova_m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-6420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулов</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Николаевич Меркулов - врач-детский хирург отделения онкологии и детской хирургии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>dr.mernick@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Михайлович Коновалов - к.м.н., заведующий патологоанатомическим отделением.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>dmk_nadf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-209X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhaladze</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахаладзе</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Гурамович Ахаладзе - д.м.н., заведующий отделом группы торакоабдоминальной хирургии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>d.g.akhaladze@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друй</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Евгеньевич Друй - к.м.н., заведующий лабораторией молекулярной онкологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>dr-drui@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7634-2053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Raykina</surname><given-names>Е. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Райкина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владиславовна Райкина - заведующая лабораторией молекулярной биологии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>Elena.Raykina@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Викторовна Шаманская - к.м.н., руководитель отдела изучения эмбриональных опухолей Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>shmanskaya.tatyana@mail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-3233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grachev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Сергеевич Грачев - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением онкологии и детской хирургии, заместитель генерального директора – директор Института детской хирургии.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>nick-grachev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9878-5540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Юрьевич Качанов - д.м.н., заведующий отделением клинической онкологии, заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><email>Denis.Kachanov@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-06-14"><day>14</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-07-27"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/863">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/863</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Metanephric tumors (MTs) are a group of rare childhood kidney tumors consisting of epithelial and/or stromal cellular elements and characterized by a variety of histopathological features. MTs include metanephric adenoma (MA), metanephric adenofibroma (MAF), and metanephric stromal tumor (MST). This study aimed to retrospectively analyse clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of MTs, verified at the Pathology Department of the Dmitry Rogachev NMRCPHOI of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. We performed a retrospective analysis of data on patients with MTs histologically confirmed between February 2015 and February 2024 (109 months). During this period, a total of 26 cases (patients aged 0–18 years) of histologically confirmed MA, MAF, and MST had been documented at the Pathology Department of the D. Rogachev Center. Out of these 26 cases, 16 patients with known clinical data were included in our analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 3.5 years (range: 0.4–15.2 years). The boys:girls ratio was 1:1. The analysis of primary complaints showed that the majority of patients (n = 8; 50%) were asymptomatic and their kidney masses were detected by chance. The rest of the patients presented with pain syndrome (n = 3; 19%), gross hematuria (n = 2; 13%), intoxication syndrome (n = 1; 6%), polycythemia (n = 1; 6%), an increased abdominal circumference (n = 1; 6%). Primary surgery was performed in 6 (37%) patients: partial nephrectomy (n = 4), total nephrectomy (n = 1), and a core needle biopsy of the mass followed by partial nephrectomy (n = 1). Ten patients (63%) underwent preoperative multiagent chemotherapy. The analysis of the extent of surgical treatment of all patients included in the analysis (n = 16) showed that total nephrectomy was performed in 9 cases, and partial nephrectomy – in 7 cases. R0 resection was achieved in 15 cases, R1 resection – in 1 case. The distribution by histological variants was as follows: MA – 10 (63%) patients, MST – 3 (19%) patients, MAF – 1 (6%) patient, MA in combination with clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma – 1 (6%) patient, MAF in combination with papillary renal cell carcinoma – 1 (6%) patient. Sixteen patients underwent molecular genetic testing: a somatic V600E mutation in the BRAF gene was detected in 10/16 (62.5%) patients. Currently, all patients are alive, and no relapses of the disease have been observed. MTs are a group of rare kidney tumors in children, characterized by a variety of histological patterns, which creates difficulties in differential diagnosis with other kidney tumors, such as renal cell carcinoma and nephroblastoma. Molecular genetic testing aimed at identifying mutations in the BRAF gene can help in establishing the correct morphological diagnosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Метанефральные опухоли (МО) – группа редких опухолей почек детского возраста, состоящих из эпителиальных и/или стромальных клеточных элементов и характеризующихся разнообразными гистопатологическими признаками. МО включают метанефральную аденому (МА), метанефральную аденофиброму (МАФ) и метанефральную стромальную опухоль (МСО). Целью настоящего исследования явился ретроспективный анализ клинических и молекулярногенетических характеристик МО, верифицированных в патологоанатомическом отделении ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева. Проведен ретроспективный анализ пациентов с гистологически подтвержденным диагнозом МО за период с февраля 2015 г. по февраль 2024 г. (109 мес). За указанный период времени в патологоанатомическом отделении Центра им. Дмитрия Рогачева зарегистрированы 26 пациентов с подтвержденными диагнозами МА, МАФ и МСО в возрасте от 0 до 18 лет. В настоящий анализ включены 16 пациентов с известными клиническими данными. Медиана возраста на момент постановки диагноза составила 3,5 года (разброс 0,4–15,2 года). Соотношение мальчики:девочки составило 1:1. Анализ первичных жалоб показал, что у большинства пациентов (n = 8; 50%) наблюдалось бессимптомное течение и образования почек выявлены случайно. В 3 (19%) случаях отмечался болевой синдром, в 2 (13%) – развитие макрогематурии, в 1 (6%) – интоксикационный синдром, в 1 (6%) – развитие полицитемии и еще в 1 (6%) – увеличение окружности живота. Первичная операция выполнена 6 (37%) пациентам: в 4 случаях – резекция почки, в 1 – нефрэктомия, в 1 – толстоигольная биопсия образования с последующей резекцией пораженной почки. Предоперационная полихимиотерапия проведена 10 (63%) пациентам. Анализ объема хирургического лечения всех пациентов, включенных в анализ (n = 16), показал, что нефрэктомия проведена в 9 случаях, резекция почки – в 7. R0-резекция достигнута в 15 случаях, R1-резекция – в 1. Распределение по гистологическим вариантам было следующим: МА – 10 (63%), МСО – 3 (19%), МАФ – 1 (6%), МА в сочетании со светлоклеточной папиллярной почечно-клеточной карциномой – 1 (6%), МАФ в сочетании с папиллярной почечно-клеточной карциномой – 1 (6%). Молекулярногенетическое исследование проведено 16 пациентам: у 10/16 (62,5%) выявлена соматическая мутация V600E в гене BRAF. В настоящее время все пациенты живы, рецидивов заболевания не отмечено. МО представляют группу редких опухолей почек у детей, характеризующихся разнообразными вариантами гистологического строения, что создает сложности в проведении дифференциальной диагностики с другими новообразованиями почек, такими как почечноклеточная карцинома и нефробластома. Проведение молекулярно-генетического исследования в целях выявления мутаций в гене BRAF может помочь в постановке правильного морфологического диагноза.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>metanephric tumors</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>метанефральные опухоли</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vujanić G. M., Gessler M., Ooms A. H. A. G., Collini P., Coulomb-l’Hermine A., D’Hooghe E., et al. The UMBRELLA SIOP-RTSG 2016 Wilms tumour pathology and molecular biology protocol. Nat Rev Urol 2018, 15 (11): 693–701.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vujanić G.M., Gessler M., Ooms A.H.A.G., Collini P., Coulomb-l’Hermine A., D’Hooghe E., et al. 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