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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">894</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-3-24-35</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology, clinical features and prognosis for medulloblastoma relapse depending on the molecular subgroups in children and adolescents</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология, клинические особенности и прогноз рецидивов медуллобластомы разных молекулярно-генетических групп у детей и подростков</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1920-9343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sysoev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сысоев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey E. Sysoev Deputy Head of the Department of Neurooncology, a pediatric oncologist.</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сысоев Андрей Евгеньевич заместитель заведующего отделением – врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>andrey.sysoev2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-5216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Papusha</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папуша</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-198X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachunskiy</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карачунский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-8945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Protsvetkina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Процветкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-6959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudina</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдина</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронеж</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-3912</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fechina</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фечина</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-7444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazaryan</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казарян</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhnevartovsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нижневартовск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonova</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонова</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Perm</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пермь</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-5928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Merishavyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меришавян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6296-4305</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vilesova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вилесова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9846-2793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salnikova</surname><given-names>E. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сальникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-6157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechesnyuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечеснюк</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-1726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Artyomov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друй</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">БУЗ ВО «Воронежская областная детская клиническая больница №1»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ СО «Областная детская клиническая больница №1»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nizhnevartovsk Regional Clinical Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">БУ ХМАО – Югры «Нижневартовская окружная клиническая детская больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The F.P. Haass Center of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детский онкогематологический центр им. Ф.П. Гааза ГБУЗ «Пермская краевая детская клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/894">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/894</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The 2016 World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors for the first time provided the division of medulloblastoma (MB) into molecular subgroups which determine treatment response, the likelihood of relapse, the outcome of the disease and prognosis. The course of the disease and prognosis are also expected to be influenced by a number of genetic factors, such as the amplification of the MYC family genes and mutations in the TP53 gene. MB relapse has a heterogeneous clinical course, poor prognosis and continues to be a therapeutic challenge. We conducted retrospective and prospective analyses of the data from the group of 50 pediatric and adolescent patients with MB relapse. A morphology review and the determination of molecular subgroups were performed at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology (Moscow, Russia) from January 2014 to December 2023. The aim of the study is to identify the specific differences in MB relapse in 50 pediatric and adolescent patients, depending on their molecular subgroup. An anatomical site of relapse, time to relapse, postrelapse survival and the effectiveness of various relapse treatment regimens were studied. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В классификации опухолей центральной нервной системы Всемирной организации здравоохранения 2016 г. впервые было предусмотрено разделение медуллобластомы (МБ) на молекулярно-генетические группы, принадлежность к которым определяет ответ на терапию, вероятность развития рецидива, исход заболевания и прогноз. Кроме того, прогностическое значение имеет ряд генетических факторов, таких как амплификация генов семейства MYC и мутации в гене TP53. Рецидивы заболевания имеют гетерогенный характер клинического течения, плохой прогноз и продолжают оставаться сложной терапевтической задачей. Нами выполнен ретроспективный и проспективный анализ группы из 50 пациентов детского и подросткового возраста с рецидивами МБ, референс морфологии и определение молекулярно-генетической группы которых проводились в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России в период с января 2014 г. по декабрь 2023 г. Целью работы явилось выделение специфических различий рецидива МБ у 50 пациентов детского и подросткового возраста в зависимости от принадлежности к той или иной молекулярно-генетической группе. Исследованы анатомическая локализация рецидива, время до его развития и пострецидивная выживаемость, а также эффективность использования различных опций противорецидивной терапии. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medulloblastoma</kwd><kwd>relapse</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>molecular subgroups</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медуллобластома</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетические группы</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Louis D.N., Perry А., Reifenberger G., von Deimling A., von Deimling A., Figarella-Branger D., Cavenee W.K., et al. The 2016 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 131 (6): 803–20. DOI 10.1007/s00401-016-1545-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Kool M., Korshunov A., Remke M., Jones D.T.W., Schlanstein M., Northcott P.A., et al. 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