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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">901</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-3-91-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Heritable <italic>TP53</italic>-related cancer syndrome and medulloblastoma in children: diagnostic and screening issues</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наследственный <italic>TP53</italic>-ассоциированный опухолевый синдром и медуллобластома у детей: вопросы диагностики и скрининга</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2003-0982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dinikina</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Диникина</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Dinikina - Cand. Med. Sci., Head of the Department of Chemotherapy for Oncohematological Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation for Children.</p><p>2 Akkuratova St., St. Petersburg 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Диникина Юлия Валерьевна - канд. мед. наук, заведующая отделением химиотерапии онкогематологических заболеваний и трансплантации костного мозга для детей.</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><email>dinikinayulia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-3635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheludkova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Желудкова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6708-7505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maizenger</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майзенгер</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-0785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-5468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezyazychnaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безъязычная</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7276-9976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Radulesku</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радулеску</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-7856</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6022-3420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosenkova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косенкова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-5091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obraztsova</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Образцова</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7063-1161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashnina</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Башнина</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-7181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belogurova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белогурова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Almazov National Medical Research Centre of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Healthcare for Children of the Department of Health of Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-практический центр специализированной медицинской помощи им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The N.P. Napalkov Saint Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncological)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Санкт-Петербургский клинический научно-практический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи (онкологический) им. Н.П. Напалкова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-14"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-10-14"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/901">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/901</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Today, the contribution of hereditary tumor syndromes to the development of cancer in children is obvious, which determines the need for screening programs and selection of the most effective methods of anticancer therapy. One of the most aggressive hereditary tumor syndromes is heritable TP53-related cancer syndrome (hTP53rc, formerly known as Li–Fraumeni syndrome), characterized by a high risk, early onset and recurrent cases of malignant neoplasms in one patient. The article describes current data on hTP53rc syndrome and the features of its clinical course, and provides international recommendations for monitoring and cancer screening in pediatric patients with hTP53rc syndrome. As a clinical observation, we present an analysis of the registry of patients with relapsed and refractory forms of medulloblastoma (n = 241) with the assessment of its incidence in cases of germline mutations in the TP53 gene with the description of their medical history and the influence of this genetic event on the outcomes. The results of our study, as well as data from international literature, indicate unfavorable prognosis in tumors, including medulloblastoma, in patients with hTP53rc syndrome, however, such factors as early screening, surveillance and early and adequate therapy can help to increase their life expectancy. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Almazov National Medical Research Centre of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На сегодняшний день вклад наследственных опухолевых синдромов в развитие онкологических заболеваний у детей очевиден, что определяет необходимость применения программ скрининга и выбора максимально эффективных методов противоопухолевой терапии. Одним из наиболее агрессивных наследственных опухолевых синдромов является ТР53-ассоциированный опухолевый синдром (hTP53rc, ранее – синдром Ли–Фраумени), характеризующийся высоким риском, ранним дебютом и повторными случаями злокачественных новообразований. В статье описаны современные данные о синдроме hTP53rc, особенности его клинического течения и международные рекомендации по обследованию и скринингу злокачественных новообразований у пациентов детского возраста. Представлен анализ регистра пациентов с рецидивирующими и рефрактерными формами медуллобластомы (n = 241) с оценкой частоты встречаемости случаев заболевания, ассоциированных с герминальными мутациями в гене TP53, особенностей их анамнеза жизни, влияния данного генетического события на исходы. Результаты проведенного исследования, а также данные международной литературы свидетельствуют о неблагоприятном течении опухолевых заболеваний, в том числе медуллобластомы, у данной когорты пациентов, тем не менее такие факторы, как ранний скрининг, динамическое наблюдение, своевременная и адекватная терапия, могут способствовать увеличению продолжительности их жизни. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Li–Fraumeni syndrome</kwd><kwd>germline TP53 mutations</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>central nervous system tumors</kwd><kwd>medulloblastoma</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>pediatrics</kwd><kwd>pediatric oncology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Ли–Фраумени</kwd><kwd>герминальные мутации TP53</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>опухоли центральной нервной системы</kwd><kwd>медуллобластома</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>педиатрия</kwd><kwd>детская онкология</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках реализации научного проекта по соглашению №075-15-2024-631 от 14.06.2024</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Nguyen T.M.K., Behnert A., Pietsch T., Vokuhl C., Kratz C.P. 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