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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">911</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.911</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">KDEKPV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effectiveness of local methods of treatment in patients with germ cell tumors who have exhausted all curative options of systemic therapy. Clinical case report and literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность локальных методов лечения у пациентов с герминогенными опухолями, исчерпавших возможности куративной системной терапии. Описание клинического случая и обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1830-9287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Naymushina</surname><given-names>Polina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наймушина</surname><given-names>Полина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>a pediatric oncologist at the Department of Adolescent Oncology/Hematology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения онкологии и гематологии старшего возраста</p></bio><email>polina.naymushina1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3851-6064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Toporkov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топорков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polina.naymushina1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-125X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabaeva</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабаева</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polina.naymushina1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1303-567X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strozhenkov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строженков</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polina.naymushina1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-5068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polina.naymushina1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>170</fpage><lpage>179</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-11"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/911">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/911</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> With adequate initial therapy, germ cell tumors (GCTs) have a relatively favorable prognosis; however, approximately 20–25% of patients experience relapse or refractory disease. Currently, there are several potentially curative treatment options for this patient population but the optimal approach remains undetermined in both adult and pediatric practice. A particular challenge is the management of patients who have not responded to multiple lines of systemic therapy. Although most GCTs are considered as a primarily systemic disease, in this population with an extremely low chance of cure with systemic treatment alone, local control modalities may offer a chance of cure. Clinical experience demonstrates the effectiveness of not only surgical but also radiotherapeutic approaches, despite the fact that non-seminomatous/non-dysgerminomatous GCTs were previously considered radioresistant.</p> <p><bold>Clinical case.</bold> Here, we report a clinical case of a 16-year-old female adolescent with secreting malignant ovarian germ cell tumor. The patient received 3 cycles of multi-agent chemotherapy according to the MAKEI-05 protocol, followed by surgical treatment (left-sided salpingo-oophorectomy). After surgery, a radiological complete response was achieved, however, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels did not normalize. Later, the patient showed a rise in AFP levels and a metabolically active tumor on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Therefore, second-line therapy was administered according to the TIGER protocol, after which AFP levels normalized. One month after the completion of multi-modal treatment, an increase in AFP was observed, and PET/CT again revealed metabolically active lesions. To achieve systemic disease control, the girl received chemotherapy with the GOP regimen (gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel), followed by surgical exploration of the abdominal cavity, which revealed no pathological findings. Given the inability to rule out the presence of viable tumor cells, a multidisciplinary decision was made to administer radiation therapy to the metabolically active lesions visualized on PET/CT (in the region of the right uterine adnexa). The patient underwent radiation therapy to the right adnexal bed to a total dose of 50.4 Gy. The girl was discharged for follow up. At the time of this report, the patient remains in complete unmaintained remission for 30 months.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold><bold> </bold>This clinical case illustrates successful curative local treatment of the patient with recurrent disease after multiple surgeries in the same area, who had exhausted all available systemic curative options.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> При проведении адекватной инициальной терапии герминогенные опухоли (ГО) обладают сравнительно благоприятным прогнозом, однако около 20–25% больных сталкиваются с рецидивами или рефрактерным течением заболевания. На сегодняшний день существует несколько опций потенциально куративной терапии для этой популяции больных, однако оптимальный вариант лечения не определен ни во взрослой, ни в педиатрической практике. Особую проблему представляет лечение больных, не ответивших излечением на несколько линий системной терапии. Несмотря на отношение к большинству ГО как к первично системной болезни, в этой популяции с крайне низким шансом на курацию с использованием системного лечения шанс на излечение может дать применение локальных методов контроля. При этом клинический опыт демонстрирует эффективность не только хирургического, но и лучевого метода лечения, несмотря на то, что ранее несеминомные/недисгерминомные ГО рассматривались как радиорезистентные.</p> <p><bold>Клинический случай.</bold> В работе представлен клинический случай девочки-подростка 16 лет со злокачественной секретирующей ГО яичника. В рамках протокола MAKEI-05 проведено 3 курса полихимиотерапии, выполнено хирургическое лечение в объеме левосторонней сальпинго-оофорэктомии, после чего констатирован радиологический полный ответ, однако уровень альфа-фетопротеина АФП) не достиг нормальных значений. В дальнейшем у пациентки отмечались рост уровня АФП, появление метаболически активной опухоли по данным позитронно-эмиссионной томографии, совмещенной с компьютерной томографией (ПЭТ-КТ), с 18-фтордезоксиглюкозой, в связи с чем была проведена терапия второй линии по протоколу TIGER, после чего уровень АФП нормализовался. Через 1 мес после завершения комплексного лечения у девочки зафиксирован рост АФП в динамике, по данным ПЭТ-КТ вновь обнаружено появление метаболически активных опухолевых очагов. В целях системного контроля над заболеванием девочке проведена химиотерапия по схеме GOP (гемцитабин, оксалиплатин, паклитаксел), затем выполнена хирургическая ревизия брюшной полости – патологических образований выявлено не было. Учитывая невозможность исключить наличие витальных опухолевых клеток, коллегиально было принято решение о проведении лучевой терапии на область метаболически активных очагов, визуализируемых на ПЭТ-КТ (в области правых придатков матки). Пациентке проведена лучевая терапия на область ложа правых придатков матки до суммарной очаговой дозы 50,4 Гр. Девочка выписана под динамическое наблюдение. На момент написания статьи она находится в полной неподдерживаемой ремиссии на протяжении 30 мес.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Представленный в статье клинический случай – пример успешного проведения куративного локального лечения у пациентки, имевшей возврат заболевания после ранее неоднократно проведенного хирургического лечения в этой же зоне и исчерпавшей возможности куративной системной противоопухолевой терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>malignant germ cell tumors</kwd><kwd>ovarian tumors</kwd><kwd>radiation therapy</kwd><kwd>recurrent germ cell tumors in children</kwd><kwd>oligometastatic disease</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>злокачественные герминогенные опухоли</kwd><kwd>опухоли яичника</kwd><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>рецидивы герминогенных опухолей у детей</kwd><kwd>олигометастатическая болезнь</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Pierce J.L., Frazier A.L., Amatruda J.F. 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