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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">917</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/j.917</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HZBJJK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Aspects of molecular diagnostics and clinical characteristics of children and adolescents with <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности молекулярной диагностики и клинические характеристики детей и подростков с саркомой с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-4205</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinichenkova</surname><given-names>Ksenia Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синиченкова</surname><given-names>Ксения Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>a pediatric oncologist at the Department of Adolescent Hematology/Oncology and Neuro-oncology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения онкологии/гематологии старшего возраста и нейроонкологии</p></bio><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-3499</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panferova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панферова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abasov</surname><given-names>R. Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абасов</surname><given-names>Р. Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6208-6557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gegeliya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гегелия</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8578-6572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5354-7067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharlay</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарлай</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-0050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-1111</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друй</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ksinichenkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-10-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-29"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-15"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/917">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/917</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma is the most aggressive tumor of all undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas (USRCSs) of bone and soft tissue, characterized by a high incidence of distant metastases and disease progression during first-line treatment. In this article, we describe clinical, biological and molecular characteristics and tools for quick and precise molecular diagnosis.</p> <p><bold>Aim</bold> – to evaluate the molecular features of sarcoma with <italic>CIC </italic>gene rearrangement and to investigate the clinical and prognostic characteristics in children with <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We analyzed the clinical and molecular characteristics of 20 patients with the following initial morphological diagnoses: USRCS, undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma, <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Fourteen out of 20 patients were diagnosed with <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma using molecular diagnostic assays. In 12 out of these 14 patients direct molecular markers were identified using RNA sequencing, in 2 patients the diagnosis was confirmed using NanoString’s molecular barcoding technology. Survival analysis was performed for 12 out of 14 patients; the 3-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 34.4 ± 16.0% and 23.8 ± 14.6%, respectively.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Patients suspected of <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma always require comprehensive molecular diagnostic testing to avoid misdiagnosis. <italic>CIC</italic>-rearranged sarcoma has the most aggressive clinical course of all USRCSs, is characterized by early disease progression and requires a more intensive treatment approach.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Саркома с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC </italic>представляет собой опухоль с наиболее агрессивным течением внутри группы недифференцированных мелкокруглоклеточных сарком (НМКкС) костей и мягких тканей, характеризующуюся высокой частотой встречаемости отдаленных метастазов, а также прогрессией во время проведения терапии первой линии. В данной статье подробно описаны клинические, биологические, молекулярно-генетические характеристики и применяемые методы для быстрой и точной молекулярно-генетической диагностики.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> – оценить молекулярно-генетические особенности саркомы с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC</italic>, а также исследовать клинические и прогностические характеристики у детей с данной патологией. Материалы и методы. В данной работе были проведены анализ клинических данных и комплексная молекулярная диагностика у 20 пациентов с направительными морфологическими диагнозами: НМКкС, недифференцированная веретеноклеточная саркома, саркома с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC</italic>. Данное исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При помощи молекулярной диагностики у 14 из 20 пациентов был установлен диагноз саркомы с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC</italic>, у 12 из 14 пациентов при помощи секвенирования РНК был выявлен прямой молекулярно-генетический маркер, у 2 из 14 пациентов диагноз подтвержден при помощи цифрового баркодирования NanoString. Анализ показателей выживаемости был возможен у 12 из 14 пациентов, показатели 3-летней общей выживаемости составили 34,4 ± 16,0%, безрецидивной выживаемости – 23,8 ± 14,6%.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Для диагностики саркомы с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC </italic>облигатным является проведение комплексной молекулярной диагностики, без которой невозможна постановка корректного диагноза. Саркома с перестройкой гена <italic>CIC </italic>является опухолью с наиболее агрессивным клиническим течением среди НМКкС, характеризующейся ранней прогрессией заболевания и требующей более интенсивного подхода к терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sarcoma with CIC gene rearrangement</kwd><kwd>undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas</kwd><kwd>Ewing-like sarcomas</kwd><kwd>undifferentiated sarcomas</kwd><kwd>expression gene profile</kwd><kwd>ultra-rare sarcomas</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>саркома с перестройкой гена CIC</kwd><kwd>недифференцированные мелкокруглоклеточные саркомы</kwd><kwd>юингоподобные саркомы</kwd><kwd>недифференцированные саркомы</kwd><kwd>экспрессионный профиль</kwd><kwd>ультраредкие саркомы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">генетический анализ проведен благодаря поддержки фонда "Наука детям"</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kallen M.E., Hornick J.L. 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