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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">920</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2024-23-4-14-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology of acquired aplastic anemia in children in the Russian Federation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология приобретенной апластической анемии у детей в Российской Федерации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-1705</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Tatiana Yu. Salimova</bold>, a pediatric oncologist at the Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology </p><p><italic>1 Samory Mashela St., 117997, Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Салимова Татьяна Юрьевна</bold>, врач-детский онколог отделения детской гематологии/онкологии</p><p><italic>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</italic></p></bio><email>tsalimova13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-5395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goronkova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горонкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-8945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Protsvetkina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Процветкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Moscow</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Москва</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/920">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/920</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Although acquired aplastic anemia (AA) remains a rare disease worldwide, the incidence of acquired AA in different countries varies widely. This article presents the results of an epidemiological study of acquired AA in children in the Russian Federation. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation. In this study, we analyzed the epidemiological data of patients aged 0 to 18 years with acquired AA who had been diagnosed remotely at the laboratories of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology from September 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023 as part of the first registry study conducted in Russian Federation. Our analysis included data from 582 patients from 77 regions of the Russian Federation; the coverage of the pediatric population was 97%. The average incidence rate for the 6-year period was 3.1 cases per 1 million children per year. The median age was 10.2 years (range 1–17.9 years). Most cases of acquired AA occurred between the ages of 5 and 9 years and between 10 and 14 years. There were no cases of acquired AA in children under the age of 1 year. There were more males than females: 317 (54.5%) versus 265 (45.5%). According to etiology, 87% of the patients were diagnosed with idiopathic AA, and 13% had hepatitis-associated AA. In total, 45.7% of the patients fulfilled the criteria for very severe AA, 38.8% for severe AA, and 15.5% for non-severe AA. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clone was detected in 42.3% of the patients with acquired AA. The incidence rate of acquired AA in children in Russian Federation is intermediate between the European and Asian incidence rates. Our main demographic data and disease characteristics are consistent with the world data.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приобретенная апластическая анемия (ПАА) во всем мире остается редким заболеванием. Однако частота встречаемости ее в разных странах крайне вариабельна. В настоящей статье представлены результаты эпидемиологического исследования ПАА у детей в Российской Федерации. Исследование одобрено независимым этическим комитетом и утверждено решением ученого совета ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России. Выполнен анализ эпидемиологических данных у пациентов с ПАА в возрасте от 0 до 18 лет, проходивших дистанционную диагностику в лабораториях ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России в период с 1 сентября 2017 г. по 31 декабря 2023 г., в рамках впервые проведенного в нашей стране регистрового исследования. В анализ вошли 582 пациента из 77 регионов Российской Федерации, охват детской популяции составил 97%. Средний показатель заболеваемости за 6 лет составил 3,1 случая на 1 млн детского населения в год. Медиана возраста пациентов – 10,2 года (диапазон 1–17,9 года). Большинство случаев ПАА приходилось на возрастные периоды 5–9 и 10–14 лет. В возрасте до 1 года не выявлено ни одного случая заболевания. Мальчиков было больше, чем девочек: 317 (54,5%) и 265 (45,5%) соответственно. По этиологии у 87% пациентов диагностирована идиопатическая ПАА, у 13% – гепатит-ассоциированная ПАА. Критерии сверхтяжелой формы ПАА выполнялись у 45,7% пациентов, тяжелой – у 38,8% и нетяжелой – у 15,5%. Сочетание ПАА с клоном пароксизмальной ночной гемоглобинурии диагностировано у 42,3% педиатрических пациентов. По показателю заболеваемости ПАА у детей Российская Федерация занимает срединное место между странами Европы и Азии. Основные проанализированные демографические показатели и характеристики заболевания сопоставимы с данными мировой литературы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acquired aplastic anemia</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>приобретенная апластическая анемия</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке фонда «Наука – детям»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Hartung Н.D., Olson T.S., Bessler M. 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