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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">948</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2025-24-1-58-65</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The prognostic significance of partner genes and breakpoint locations in children with <italic>KMT2A</italic>-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прогностическое значение природы гена-партнера и локализации точки разрыва у детей с <italic>KMT2A</italic>-позитивным острым миелоидным лейкозом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-1726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедева Светлана Александровна - врач-гематолог стационара кратковременного лечения</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>lebedeva-svetlana-lech-03@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0813-5626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinina</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинина</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshanskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-4646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-6583</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bankole</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Банколе</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-5286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasileva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0183-1530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Venyov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венёв</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-8596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baydildina</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байдильдина</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-1921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleinikova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алейникова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5318-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popa</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попа</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9634-5828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zerkalenkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зеркаленкова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-27"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/948">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/948</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with <italic>KMT2A</italic> rearrangements is one of the most common AML subtypes in children. <italic>KMT2A</italic> rearrangements are extremely heterogeneous because of different breakpoint locations in the DNA of this gene in combination with a large number of various partner genes. Patients with <italic>KMT2A</italic>-rearranged AML are typically stratified into a high-risk group. However, there are reports of different prognostic significance of different rearrangements of this gene found both in Russian and international literature. For example, several studies including both adults and children suggested that AML with t(1;11)(q21;q23.3)/<italic>KMT2A::MLLT1</italic> and t(9;11)(q21;q23.3)/<italic>KMT2A::MLLT3</italic> translocations had a more favorable prognosis. However, these findings failed to be reproduced in other studies. What is more, a number of studies stated that the prognosis of survival in patients aged 0–24 months affected by <italic>KMT2A</italic>-rearranged acute leukemia may depend not only on the partner gene but also on the location of a breakpoint in the <italic>KMT2A</italic> gene, while also saying that patients with a breakpoint in intron 11 have the worst prognosis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of <italic>KMT2A</italic> rearrangements in children with AML. The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. We concluded that specific partner gene and breakpoint location did not have any significant influence on treatment outcomes in children with <italic>KMT2A</italic>-rearranged AML who had been treated according to the AML-MRD-2018 protocol. These findings may indicate that such patients should be stratified into a high-risk group irrespective of the involved partner gene and breakpoint location.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Острый миелоидный лейкоз (ОМЛ) с перестройками гена <italic>KMT2A </italic>является одним из наиболее частых вариантов ОМЛ у детей. Перестройки гена <italic>KMT2A</italic> представляют собой крайне гетерогенную группу, что обусловлено различной локализацией разрыва в ДНК данного гена в сочетании с большим количеством различных генов-партнеров. Пациентов с <italic>KMT2A</italic>-позитивным ОМЛ традиционно относят к группе высокого риска, однако в отечественной и международной литературе имеются данные о различном прогностическом значении отдельных вариантов перестроек гена <italic>KMT2A</italic>. Так, в нескольких исследованиях, включавших пациентов взрослого и детского возраста, было продемонстрировано, что более благоприятным прогнозом характеризуются ОМЛ с t(1;11)(q21;q23.3)/<italic>KMT2A::MLLT1 </italic>и t(9;11)(q21;q23.3)/<italic>KMT2A::MLLT3</italic>. Тем не менее, в других исследованиях данные результаты не были воспроизведены. Кроме того, в ряде исследований было показано, что прогноз выживаемости у пациентов в возрасте от 0 до 24 месяцев с <italic>KMT2A</italic>-позитивным ОЛ может зависеть не только от природы гена-партнера, но и от локализации точки разрыва в гене <italic>KMT2A –</italic> при этом наиболее неблагоприятным прогнозом характеризуется разрыв в 11-м интроне. Целью данной работы являлась оценка прогностического значения характера перестройки гена <italic>KMT2A</italic> при ОМЛ у детей. По нашим данным, природа гена-партнера и локализация точки разрыва не оказывали значимого влияния на результаты терапии пациентов детского возраста с <italic>KMT2A</italic>-позитивным ОМЛ по протоколу ОМЛ-MRD-2018, что может свидетельствовать о потенциальной целесообразности стратификации этих пациентов в группу высокого риска, вне зависимости от природы гена-партнера и локализации точки разрыва.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia</kwd><kwd>KMT2A gene</kwd><kwd>partner gene</kwd><kwd>prognosis of survival</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>ген KMT2A</kwd><kwd>ген-партнер</kwd><kwd>прогноз выживаемости</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено при поддержке фонда «Наука – детям»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>de Rooij J.D., Zwaan C.M., van den Heuvel-Eibrink M. 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