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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-1708</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2414-9314</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">974</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24287/1726-1708-2025-24-1-156-166</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCHOOL OF IMMUNOLOGY – EXPERT OPINION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА ИММУНОЛОГА – МНЕНИЕ ЭКСПЕРТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Immune thrombocytopenia as the first symptom of primary immunodeficiency with immune dysregulation: a clinical case report and literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммунная тромбоцитопения как первый симптом первичного иммунодефицита с иммунной дисрегуляцией: клинический пример и обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-1158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bataev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батаев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ali S. Bataev - a hematologist of the Day Care Facility.</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., 117997, Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батаев Али Саидхасанович - врач-гематолог стационара кратковременного лечения.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><email>ali.bataev@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-5208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1267-9957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Burlakov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурлаков</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6148-7209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershin</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першин</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8208-2075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deordieva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деордиева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8404-1800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suntsova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунцова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-2036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshonkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшонкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9857-4456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-4939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>156</fpage><lpage>166</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/974">https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/974</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Primary immunodeficiencies constitute a large group of genetically determined disorders characterized by the impairment of mechanisms involved in the immune response. Syndromes of immune dysregulation are a group of primary immunodeficiencies that are characterized by frequent autoimmune manifestations, including immune cytopenia. CTLA4 haploinsufficiency with autoimmune infiltration is a remarkable example of immune dysregulation disorders. Here, we describe a case of CTLA4 haploinsufficiency that manifested with immune thrombocytopenia. We also review the current knowledge of etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of CTLA4 haploinsufficiency with autoimmune infiltration. The patient's parents gave consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Первичные иммунодефицитные состояния – это большая группа генетически детерминированных заболеваний, характеризующихся нарушением того или иного механизма иммунного ответа. К одной из групп первичных иммунодефицитов относят состояния с иммунной дисрегуляцией, характерной чертой которых является высокая частота аутоиммунных проявлений, в том числе развитие иммунных цитопений. Ярким примером заболеваний, относящихся к данной группе, является гаплонедостаточность CTLA4 с аутоиммунной инфильтрацией. В данной работе представлено описание собственного клинического наблюдения пациента с гаплонедостаточностью CTLA4, дебютировавшего с развития иммунной тромбоцитопении, а также рассмотрены современные представления об этиопатогенезе, клинике и терапии данного синдрома. Родители пациента дали согласие на использование информации, в том числе фотографий ребенка, в научных исследованиях и публикациях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>immune dysregulation</kwd><kwd>CTLA4</kwd><kwd>immune thrombocytopenia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичный иммунодефицит</kwd><kwd>иммунная дисрегуляция</kwd><kwd>CTLA4</kwd><kwd>иммунная тромбоцитопения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bousfiha A., Jeddane L., Picard C., Al-Herz W., Ailal F., Chatila T., et al. 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