Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and ImmunopathologyPediatric Hematology/Oncology and ImmunopathologyВопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии1726-17082414-9314Fund Doctors, Innovations, Science for Children98710.24287/j.987RULUYXLITERATURE REVIEWОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫReview ArticleProspects for the use of 3D cultures of mesenchymal stromal cells in bone regenerationПерспективы применения 3D-культур мезенхимальных стромальных клеток для регенерации костной тканиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9444-4689DudorovaA. A.ДудороваА. А.
Russian Federation
e_ossipova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-3206-8090KonyashinM. V.КоняшинМ. В.
Russian Federation
e_ossipova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1063-6590MarkovN. M.МарковН. М.
Russian Federation
e_ossipova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-3486OsipovaElena Yu.ОсиповаЕлена Юрьевна
Russian Federation

Head of the Laboratory of Physiology and Pathology of Stem Cells

заведующая лабораторией физиологии и патологии стволовых клеток

e_ossipova@mail.ruThe Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России290120262441861921906202502072025Copyright ©; 2026, «D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»Copyright ©; 2026, ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России2026«D. Rogachev NMRCPHOI»ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава Россииhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://hemoncim.com/jour/article/view/987

Bone defects can be caused by trauma, mechanical stress or diseases such as osteoporosis or malignant neoplasms. In this literature review, we aimed to evaluate the prospects of using 3D cultures of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for bone regeneration. The search for scientific papers was conducted in the Pubmed database and the National Electronic Library (elibrary.ru). Traditional approaches to the treatment of bone defects such as auto- or allograft transplantation or the use of non-degradable implants have a number of disadvantages associated with limited availability of donor tissues, long recovery and risk of complications. This leads to a growing interest in cell technologies and materials capable of promoting bone regeneration at the biological level. MSCs have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts (cells that are responsible for the formation of bone tissue). Scaffolds are three-dimensional porous or fibrous structures used as a substrate for tissue growth and regeneration in biomedicine. Scaffold-based 3D cultures of MSCs represent a promising platform for bone repair providing both structural integrity and the biological activity of regenerative tissue. Advances in tissue engineering contribute to the development of new approaches to bone repair that may potentially influence the everyday clinical practice. Today, tissue engineering methods can be used to create scaffolds that are just as good as bone auto- and allografts, if not even better in some respects.

Дефекты костей могут возникать вследствие травм, механических нагрузок или заболеваний, таких как остеопороз и злокачественные новообразования. Целью данного литературного обзора была оценка перспектив применения 3D-культур мезенхимальных стромальных клеток (МСК) для регенерации костной ткани. Поиск научных работ выполнен в базе данных Pubmed и национальной электронной библиотеки (elibrary.ru). Традиционные подходы к лечению костных дефектов, такие как трансплантация ауто- или аллотрансплантатов и применение недеградируемых имплантатов, имеют ряд недостатков, связанных с ограниченным объемом донорских тканей, длительным сроком заживления и риском осложнений. На этом фоне растет интерес к клеточным технологиям и материалам, способным стимулировать регенерацию кости на биологическом уровне. МСК обладают способностью к самоподдержанию и дифференцировке в различные тканевые линии – адипоциты, хондроциты и остеобласты – клетки, формирующие костную ткань. Скаффолды представляют собой трехмерные пористые или волокнистые структуры, используемые в качестве подложки для роста и регенерации тканей в биомедицине. Использование 3D-культур МСК на скаффолдах представляет собой перспективную платформу для репарации кости, обеспечивая как физическую прочность конструкции, так и биологическую активность регенерирующей ткани. Развитие тканевой инженерии способствует появлению новых подходов к восстановлению костной ткани, которые потенциально могут повлиять на повседневную клиническую практику. На сегодняшний день методы тканевой инженерии позволяют создавать скаффолды, которые не уступают, а по ряду характеристик и превосходят ауто- и аллотрансплантаты костной ткани.

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