New advances in pathogenesis, diagnostic and treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Chronic GVHD remains a serious complication of allogeneic HSCT, leading to impairment of numerous organs and systems. It is characterised by the combination of auto- and alloimmune dysregulation, immunodeficiency and low quality of life. The incidence of chronic GVHD in allogeneic HSCT setting is 30–70% in adults and 15–40% in children. The problems of diagnostic and treatment of chronic GVHD are associated with poor measuring and scoring validation system. This literature review describes modern insights in chronic GVHD pathophysiology, international diagnosing criteria and new treatment approaches.