Immunophenotyping in the diagnosis of acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage. The results of centralized diagnosis and practical guidelines

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Abstract

   Acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) are rare acute leukemias (AL) that exhibit specific features of more than one hematopoietic lineage or show no distinct evidence of lineage differentiation. Immunophenotyping plays a key role in the diagnosis and classification of ALAL. Despite the availability of diagnostic criteria for ALAL proposed by different expert groups, the accurate diagnosis of ALAL representing a rare and heterogeneous group of diseases remains a challenge. In this paper, we present a brief analysis of 97 pediatric ALAL cases. Such a large cohort of cases with ALAL (ALALs comprising less than 1 % of all pediatric AL) was obtained as a result of the centralized diagnosis of AL. With regard to the obtained results, we have developed the guidelines for the interpretation of the results of immunophenotyping in the diagnosis of ALAL and for the integration of findings from flow cytometry, cytomorphology and genetic testing for the accurate diagnosis and classification of this group of AL.

About the authors

I. A. Demina

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: idemina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4317-2094

Irina A. Demina, PhD, MD in Clinical Laboratory Medicine

Leukemia Immunophenotyping Laboratory

117997; 1 Samory Mashela St.; Moscow

Russian Federation

E. V. Mikhailova

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3450-0498

Moscow

Russian Federation

A. A. Semchenkova

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Moscow

Russian Federation

T. Yu. Verzhbitskaya

Regional Children's Clinical Hospital; Institute of Medical Cell Technologies

ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9329-1828

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

Zh. V. Permikin

Regional Children's Clinical Hospital; Ural State Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

S. A. Kashpor

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5220-7412

Moscow

Russian Federation

E. A. Zerkalenkova

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9634-5828

Moscow

Russian Federation

G. A. Tsaur

Regional Children's Clinical Hospital; Institute of Medical Cell Technologies; Ural State Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

Yu. V. Olshanskaya

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2352-7716

Moscow

Russian Federation

L. G. Fechina

Regional Children's Clinical Hospital; Institute of Medical Cell Technologies

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1885-3912

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

A. I. Karachunskiy

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9300-198X

Moscow

Russian Federation

G. A. Novichkova

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2322-5734

Moscow

Russian Federation

A. M. Popov

Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0889-6986

Moscow

Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2024 Demina I.A., Mikhailova E.V., Semchenkova A.A., Verzhbitskaya T.Y., Permikin Z.V., Kashpor S.A., Zerkalenkova E.A., Tsaur G.A., Olshanskaya Y.V., Fechina L.G., Karachunskiy A.I., Novichkova G.A., Popov A.M.

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